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HER:  Herefordshire MHE821 (1642)
NMR:  SO 47 SW 8 (108830)
SM:  19177
NGR:  SO 4288 7310
X:  342880  Y:  273100  (OSGB36)
Univallate, cliff-edge, inland promontory fort located on wooded NE facing slope at the edge of S-facing limestone cliffs above the River Teme. It extends 64m N to S and E to W, and of irregular shape and area estimated at c. 4ha. Protected by scarp and natural precipitous rock face on the S, the remainder protected by a rampart and outer ditch, the latter as a possible berm on the NE, before disappearing with the rampart 25m from the cliff edge on the SE. An old trackway running along the berm reaches a ford on the river, and this could account for the hillfort's position vis-a-vis the river. Woodland site relatively stable, but scrub and wind-throw problems remain. Undated. On 1st Ed. OS map (1888).
Citizen Science:  ✗
Reliability of Data:  Confirmed
Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed
X:  -316157  Y:  6864196  (EPSG: 3857)
Longitude:  -2.840087799064052  Latitude:  52.35294451683034  (EPSG:4326)
Country:  England
Current County or Unitary Authority:  Herefordshire
Historic County:  Herefordshire
Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Downton
Site relatively stable, but scrub and wind-throw problems remain.
Extant   | ✓ |
Cropmark   | ✗ |
Likely Destroyed   | ✗ |
Scrub, conifer and broadleaved woodland.
Woodland   | ✓ |
Commercial Forestry Plantation   | ✗ |
Parkland   | ✗ |
Pasture (Grazing)   | ✗ |
Arable   | ✗ |
Scrub/Bracken   | ✓ |
Bare Outcrop   | ✗ |
Heather/Moorland   | ✗ |
Heath   | ✗ |
Built-up   | ✗ |
Coastal Grassland   | ✗ |
Other   | ✗ |
Univallate, cliff-edge, inland promontory fort. Located on wooded NE-facing slope at the edge of S-facing limestone cliffs above the River Teme.
Contour Fort   | ✗ |
Partial Contour Fort   | ✗ |
Promontory Fort   | ✓ |
Hillslope Fort   | ✗ |
Level Terrain Fort   | ✗ |
Marsh Fort   | ✗ |
Multiple Enclosure Fort   | ✗ |
Hilltop   | ✗ |
Coastal Promontory   | ✗ |
Inland Promontory   | ✓ |
Valley Bottom   | ✗ |
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop   | ✗ |
Ridge   | ✗ |
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp   | ✓ |
Hillslope   | ✗ |
Lowland   | ✗ |
Spur   | ✗ |
Dominant Topographic Feature:  Cliff edge
North   | ✗ |
Northeast   | ✓ |
East   | ✗ |
Southeast   | ✗ |
South   | ✗ |
Southwest   | ✗ |
West   | ✗ |
Northwest   | ✗ |
Level   | ✗ |
Altitude:  137.0m
N/A
None
Reliability:  D - None
Pre 1200BC   | ✗ |
1200BC - 800BC   | ✗ |
800BC - 400BC   | ✗ |
400BC - AD50   | ✗ |
AD50 - AD400   | ✗ |
AD400 - AD 800   | ✗ |
Post AD800   | ✗ |
Unknown   | ✓ |
Pre Hillfort:   | None |
Post Hillfort:   | None |
On 1st Ed. OS map (1888). Field investigations in 1972 (no reference available) and Herefordshire Council survey in 2012.
1st Identified Map Depiction (1888):   | OS map |
Other (1972):   | Field investigations |
Other (2012):   | Herefordshire Council survey |
None
River Teme runs directly below the site.
None   | ✓ |
Spring   | ✗ |
Stream   | ✗ |
Pool   | ✗ |
Flush   | ✗ |
Well   | ✗ |
Other   | ✗ |
None
No Known Features   | ✓ |
Round Stone Structures   | ✗ |
Rectangular Stone Structures   | ✗ |
Curvilinear Platforms   | ✗ |
Other Roundhouse Evidence   | ✗ |
Pits   | ✗ |
Quarry Hollows   | ✗ |
Other   | ✗ |
None
No Known Excavation   | ✓ |
Pits   | ✗ |
Postholes   | ✗ |
Roundhouses   | ✗ |
Rectangular Structures   | ✗ |
Roads/Tracks   | ✗ |
Quarry Hollows   | ✗ |
Other   | ✗ |
Nothing Found   | ✗ |
None
No Known Geophysics   | ✓ |
Pits   | ✗ |
Roundhouses   | ✗ |
Rectangular Structures   | ✗ |
Roads/Tracks   | ✗ |
Quarry Hollows   | ✗ |
Other   | ✗ |
Nothing Found   | ✗ |
None
No Known Finds   | ✓ |
Pottery   | ✗ |
Metal   | ✗ |
Metalworking   | ✗ |
Human Bones   | ✗ |
Animal Bones   | ✗ |
Lithics   | ✗ |
Environmental   | ✗ |
Other   | ✗ |
None
APs Not Checked   | ✓ |
None   | ✗ |
Roundhouses   | ✗ |
Rectangular Structures   | ✗ |
Pits   | ✗ |
Postholes   | ✗ |
Roads/Tracks   | ✗ |
Other   | ✗ |
Entrance, simple gap at the N, not mutillated as suggested in the HER, but has a causeway across the ditch.
1:   | No modern gaps in evidence. |
2:   | None |
Guard Chambers:  ✗
Chevaux de Frise:  ✗
1. Simple Gap (North):   | Entrance not mutillated as suggested, but a causeway across the ditch. |
Protected by scarp and natural precipitous rock face on the S, the remainder protected by a rampart and outer ditch, the latter as a possible berm on the NE, before disappearing with the rampart 25m from the cliff edge on the SE.
Area 1:   | 0.4ha. |
Total:   | 0.4ha. |
Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.
None
✗   | Irregular defences to site with major use of natural rock. Area estimated. |
✓   | Nature of defences are variable around circuit. |
NE Quadrant:   | 1 |
SE Quadrant:   | 1 |
SW Quadrant:   | 1 |
NW Quadrant:   | 1 |
Total:   | 1 |
Partial Univallate   | ✗ |
Univallate   | ✓ |
Partial Bivallate   | ✗ |
Bivallate   | ✗ |
Partial Multivallate   | ✗ |
Multivallate   | ✗ |
Unknown   | ✗ |
Partial Univallate   | ✗ |
Univallate   | ✗ |
Partial Bivallate   | ✗ |
Bivallate   | ✗ |
Partial Multivallate   | ✗ |
Multivallate   | ✗ |
None
None   | ✗ |
Earthen Bank   | ✓ |
Stone Wall   | ✗ |
Rubble   | ✗ |
Wall-walk   | ✗ |
Evidence of Timber   | ✗ |
Vitrification   | ✗ |
Other Burning   | ✗ |
Palisade   | ✗ |
Counter Scarp Bank   | ✗ |
Berm   | ✗ |
Unfinished   | ✗ |
Other   | ✗ |
None
None   | ✗ |
Earthen Bank   | ✗ |
Stone Wall   | ✗ |
Murus Duplex   | ✗ |
Timber-framed   | ✗ |
Timber-laced   | ✗ |
Vitrification   | ✗ |
Other Burning   | ✗ |
Palisade   | ✗ |
Counter Scarp Bank   | ✗ |
Berm   | ✗ |
Unfinished   | ✗ |
No Known Excavation   | ✓ |
Other   | ✗ |
✗   | None |
✓   | Ditch up to c. 10m wide and 1m-2m deep. |
Number of Ditches:  1
✗   | None |
Dorling, P. and Wigley, A. 2012: Assessment of the archaeological and conservation status of major later prehistoric enclosures in Herefordshire and Shropshire, EH PNUM, Version 3.2, Hereford and Shrewsbury: Herefordshire Council/Shropshire Council.
RCHME 1934. An Inventory of the Historical Monuments in Herefordshire, 3 (NW), London: HMSO.
Atlas of Hillforts:
Wikidata:
This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:
Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk
Document Version 1.1