Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

EN0025 Oldbury, Much Marcle, Herefordshire

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  Herefordshire MHE419 (916)

NMR:  SO 63 SW 6 (112135)

SM:  None

NGR:  SO 632325

X:  363206  Y:  232563  (OSGB36)

Summary

Large, oval, contour hillfort located on Ridge Hill on the interfluve of the Rivers Severn and Wye, overlooking a sharp bend of the Wye to the W and the valley of Preston Brook to the E, and above Caplar Camp (Atlas No ). Internal area 5.7ha. The ridge has steep slopes on the W, less so on the E. The N rampart rises to 2m-3m above level of field; possibly scarped from ridge. E side is similar. W has steep scarp and berm. The scarping enhances the monumentality of the site. At S end of W ramparts a berm becomes a ditch (faint traces) with external counterscarp bank. The site is in poor condition due to ploughing, but mostly visible. Surface finds suggest late Iron Age to early Romano-British date. On 1st Ed OS map (1888).

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -282447  Y:  6798363  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -2.5372660060448933  Latitude:  51.99025278025921  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  England

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Herefordshire

Historic County:  Herefordshire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Much Marcle

Monument Condition

In poor condition and badly affected by ploughing over centuries.

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

Part wooded, but most under arable.

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

Site generally follows the contours. Located on the plateau top of Ridge Hill on the interfluve of the Rivers Severn and Wye.

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  Plateau top of ridge.

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  180.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

Chance finds indicate a late iron Age to Romano-British date for occupation of the fort. Fragments of 'duck stamped' pottery from ploughed-down rampart at NE corner. Coarse black pottery similar to that from Sutton Walls (Atlas No 0031). Small fragment of Romano-British globular jar from W side of fort.

Reliability:  C - Low

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:
Artefactual:   Chance finds of: bronze looped palstave. Bronze Age barbed and tanged grey flint arrowhead. Broken microlith. Worked flint implements.
Artefactual:   Fragments of 'duck stamped pottery from ploughed down rampart at NE corner. coarse black pottery similar to that from Sutton Walls. Small fragment of Romano-British globular jar from W side of fort.

Investigation History

On 1st Ed OS map (1888). Herefordshire Council survey 2012

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1888):   OS map
Other (2012):   Herefordshire Council survey

Interior Features

No evidence for interior features. Stray finds of 'duck stamped' pottery from ploughed-down rampart at NE corner. coarse black pottery similar to that from Sutton Walls (Atlas No 0031). Small fragment of Romano-British globular jar from W side of fort.

Water Source

Spring located 0.2 km outside hillfort.

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

Fragments of 'duck stamped pottery from ploughed-down rampart at NE corner. Coarse black pottery similar to that from Sutton Walls. Small fragment of Romano-British globular jar from W side of fort.

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

None

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

Shallow valley running up to SW ramparts and strengthening may indicate an entrance, but only slight indication.

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
1:   Possible.

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   Shallow valley running up to SW ramparts and strengthening may indicate an entrance.

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Other Forms (South west):   Shallow valley running up to SW ramparts and strengthening may indicate an entrance.

Enclosing Works

The N rampart rises to 2m-3m above level of field; possibly scarped from ridge. E side is similar. W has steep scarp and berm. At S end of W defences berm becomes a ditch with external counterscarp bank. Although ploughed-down the structure of the site is visible.

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   5.7ha.
Total:   5.7ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   Ramparts much eroded and ploughed-down except to the N. Large site in poor condition, but area definition possible.

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   1
Total:   1

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

The detail of the site is visible. At S end of W defences a berm becomes a ditch (faint traces) with external counterscarp bank.

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   Faint traces of a ditch to the W.

Number of Ditches:  1

Annex:
✗   None

References

Dorling, P. and Wigley, A. 2012. Assessment of the archaeological and conservation status of major later prehistoric enclosures in Herefordshire and Shropshire, EH PNUM, Version 3.2, Hereford and Shrewsbury: Herefordshire Council/Shropshire Council.

Page, W. ed.1908. The Victoria County History of the County of Herefordshire, 1, 218, London: St Catherine Press.

RCHME 1931-34. An Inventory of the Historical Monuments in Herefordshire, 2 (E), 134, 41, London: HMSO.

Stanford, S.C. ed. 1976. Guide to Prehistoric and Roman Sites in Herefordshire, Woolhope Naturalists' Field Club Archaeological Research Section, 24.



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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