Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

EN0046 Burrow Hill Camp, Shropshire (Burrow Hill)

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  Shropshire 153 (None)

NMR:  SO 38 SE 33 (107215)

SM:  1021071

NGR:  SO 382830

X:  338204  Y:  283072  (OSGB36)

Summary

Fine, very steep and prominent, partial contour hillfort located on summit of Burrow Hill near to the confluence of the Rivers Clun and Kemp, in an area of clusters of prominent hillforts. Measures 3.2ha internally. Three massive ramparts in evidence, apart from at the NW where a single rampart and ditch with counterscarp defend the steepest side. Use made of natural outcrops enhance and included in the circuit in the NW sector and on the S side. Three fine probably original entrances. Evidence of c. 20 hut platforms in the SE and NW quadrants. Possible earlier smaller multivallate fort on the highest point as bank runs across hill and site clearly enlarged and strengthened. Small excavation in centre of site by Toller 1978 (unpublished), with evidence of it still remaining on site and trench not filled. Investigation of hut revealed a rock-cut platform and at least two circular hut gullies and postholes. Bracken management and aerial spraying have revealed hut platforms. Finds of 'duck-stamped' pottery of c. 100 BC. Also form, line, contour and resistivity surveys. One of the few sites in the Welsh Marches that has a water supply (spring) on site. Pasture and mature oaks, fine and well preserved, but slopes below tree-covered. On 1st Ed OS map (1885-1900).

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -324004  Y:  6880457  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -2.91057647130002  Latitude:  52.44207622426947  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  England

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Shropshire

Historic County:  Shropshire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Hopesay

Monument Condition

Bracken management and aerial spraying have revealed hut platforms.

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

Pasture and mature oaks, fine and well preserved, but slopes below tree-covered.

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

Undulating site generally following the contours. Located on the summit of Burrow Hill near to the confluence of the Rivers Clun and Kemp, in an area of clusters of prominent hillforts.

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  Summit of Burrow Hill.

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  340.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

Excavation found 'duck-stamped' pottery of c. 100 BC. A mortarium rim was found outside the rampart could also indicate Romano-British or Roman interest.

Reliability:  B - Medium

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:
Artefactual:   Excavation found 'duck-stamped' pottery of c. 100 BC. A mortarium rim was found outside the ramparts.

Investigation History

On 1st Ed OS map (1885-1900). Field observation Ordnance Survey 1973. Small excavation by Toller 1978 (unpublished). Also form, line, contour and resistivity surveys. Field observation Shropshire CC 1981. Field observation English Heritage 1987. Air Photograph Interpretation RCHME: Marches Uplands NMP 1993-2000. Surveys by Shropshire CC 2012.

Investigations:
Other (1973):   Field observation OS.
Excavation (1978):   Small excavation in the interior by Toller, Institute of Archaeology.
Other (1981):   Field observation Shropshire CC.
Other (1987):   Field observation EH.
Other (2009):   Visited by Hillfort Study Group
Other (2012):   Shropshire CC survey.
1st Identified Map Depiction (None):   1st Ed OS
Other (None):   Air Photograph Interpretation RCHME: Marches Uplands NMP 1993-2000.
Other (None):   Form, line, contour and resistivity surveys.

Interior Features

Aerial spraying has revealed hut platforms. Evidence of c. 20 hut platforms in the SE and NW quadrants. Investigation of hut revealed a rock-cut platform and at least two circular hut gullies and postholes.

Water Source

Springs found on site near the NE entrance and at a gap in the third rampart at the SE corner.

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

Aerial spraying has revealed hut platforms. Evidence of c. 20 hut platforms in the SE and NW quadrants.

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

Investigation of hut revealed a rock-cut platform and at least two circular hut gullies and postholes.

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

Resistivity surveys of the inner circuit. No details recorded.

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

Sherds of Clee Hill pottery and Malvernian 'duck-stamped' pottery of c. 100 BC. Cheshire VCP. A mortarium rim was found outside the ramparts and an iron or bronze spearhead was found 1893-96; now lost.

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

None

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

Three fine probably original entrances. The principal to the NE is very elaborate with 70 m long passageway and inturned and offset at an oblique angle preventing interior access. That to the S has a causewayed approach to a 30 m long inturn. That to SW (less certain with signs of blocking) has a long narrow passage. The possible earlier hillfort, located where a bank cuts off the hill to the E and S, has a simple entrance on the E..

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
3:   No modern gaps visiible.

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   Three fine probably original entrances. The principal to the NE is very elaborate with 70 m long passageway and inturned and offset at an oblique angle preventing interior access. That to the S has a causewayed approach to a 30 m long inturn. That to SW (less certain with signs of blocking) has a long narrow passage. The possible earlier hillfort, located where a bank cuts off the hill to the E and S, has a simple entrance on the E.

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Passage-way/Corridor (North east):   The principal entrance to the NE is very elaborate with 70 m long passageway and inturned and offset at an oblique angle preventing interior access.
1. In-turned (North east):   None
1. Oblique (North east):   None
2. In-turned (South):   Entrance to the S has a causewayed approach to a 30 m long inturn.
3. Passage-way/Corridor (South west):   That to SW (less certain with signs of blocking) has a long narrow passage.
3. Blocked (South west):   Signs of blocking.

Enclosing Works

Three massive ramparts and ditches in evidence, apart from at the NW where a single rampart and ditch with counterscarp defend the steepest side. Use made of natural outcrops enhance and included in the circuit in the NW sector and on the S side.

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   3.2ha.
Total:   3.2ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   3
SE Quadrant:   3
SW Quadrant:   3
NW Quadrant:   2
Total:   3

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

Counterscarp bank in evidence.

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

No details.

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   Three massive ramparts and ditches in evidence, apart from at the NW where a single rampart and ditch with counterscarp defend the steepest side.

Number of Ditches:  3

Annex:
✗   None

References

Dorling, P. and Wigley, A. 2012. Assessment of the archaeological and conservation status of major later prehistoric enclosures in Herefordshire and Shropshire, EH PNUM, Version 3.2, Hereford and Shrewsbury: Herefordshire Council/Shropshire Council.

Page, W. ed. 1908. Victoria County History of Shropshire, 1, 363, Institute of Historical Research.

Watson, M. 2002. Shropshire an archaeological guide, 20-1, plan, Shrewsbury: Shropshire Books.



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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