EN0104: Barrock Fell | (Barrock Tell) |
Sources: Esri, DigitalGlobe, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, GeoEye, USDA FSA, USGS, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, and the GIS User Community
HER: Cumbria 707
NMR: NY 44 NE 8 (11330)
SM: 1007874
NGR: NY 4645 4756
X: 346450 Y: 547560 (EPSG:27700)
Boundary: ✗
Lying 400m NW of the summit of Barrock Fell, the cropmark and earthwork remains of a probable slight univallate hillfort. Aerial photographs and lidar show a single D-shaped ditched enclosure measuring 115m by 112m enclosing approximately 1ha, with the earthworks in the SW masked by Great Barrock Wood but shown by lidar to be extant. Cropmarks suggest a slightly out-turned entrance in the NE. No internal features are visible. Scheduled. Not recorded on OS mapping and no investigation is known.
| Citizen Science: | ✗ |
| Reliability of Data: | Confirmed |
| Reliability of Interpretation: | Confirmed |
X: -315583 Y: 7327016 (EPSG: 3857)
Longitude: -2.834929 Latitude: 54.820032 (EPSG:4326)
Country: England
Current County or Unitary Authority: Cumbria
Historic County: Cumberland
Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland: Hesket
The site is visible as a cropmark on aerial photographs and earthwork on lidar in Great Barrock Wood. Principle threat is from ploughing (Heritage at Risk Register 2013)
| Extant: | ✓ |
| Cropmark: | ✓ |
| Likely Destroyed: | ✗ |
Lies in an area of arable fields. A conifer plantation is present on the western edge.
| Woodland: | ✓ |
| Commercial Forestry Plantation: | ✗ |
| Parkland: | ✗ |
| Pasture (Grazing): | ✗ |
| Arable: | ✓ |
| Scrub/Bracken: | ✗ |
| Bare Outcrop: | ✗ |
| Heather/Moorland: | ✗ |
| Heath: | ✗ |
| Built-up: | ✗ |
| Coastal Grassland: | ✗ |
| Other: | ✗ |
A univallate hillslope fort lying at 183m OD on the upper slopes of Barrock Fell.
| Contour Fort: | ✗ |
| Partial Contour Fort: | ✗ |
| Promontory Fort: | ✗ |
| Hillslope Fort: | ✓ |
| Level Terrain Fort: | ✗ |
| Marsh Fort: | ✗ |
| Multiple Enclosure Fort: | ✗ |
| Hilltop: | ✗ |
| Coastal Promontory: | ✗ |
| Inland Promontory: | ✗ |
| Valley Bottom: | ✗ |
| Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop: | ✗ |
| Ridge: | ✗ |
| Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp: | ✗ |
| Hillslope: | ✓ |
| Lowland: | ✗ |
| Spur: | ✗ |
Dominant Topographic Feature: Situated on the upper slopes of Barrock Fell.
| North: | ✗ |
| Northeast: | ✗ |
| East: | ✗ |
| Southeast: | ✗ |
| South: | ✗ |
| Southwest: | ✗ |
| West: | ✗ |
| Northwest: | ✓ |
| Level: | ✗ |
Altitude: 183.0m
| Boundary Type: | ✗ |
Second HER: ✗
Second Current County or Unitary Authority: ✗
Second Historic County: ✗
Second Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland: ✗
Undated, presumed Iron Age
Reliability: D - None
| Pre 1200BC: | ✗ |
| 1200BC - 800BC: | ✗ |
| 1200BC - 800BC: | ✗ |
| 400BC - AD50: | ✗ |
| AD50 - AD400: | ✗ |
| AD400 - AD 800: | ✗ |
| Post AD800: | ✗ |
| Unknown: | ✓ |
| Pre Hillfort Activity: | ✗ |
| Post Hillfort Activity: | ✓ | Surface finds of Roman pottery |
| Artefactual: | Surface finds of 29 sherds of coarse greyware and one small samian fragment in May 1978. Donated by Dr D Welsby, Univ of Newcastle upon Tyne, June 1983. At Tullie House, Acc no 121-1983 (Richardson 1990). |
Recorded on aerial photograph in 1949. General reference in Challis and Harding (1975). Scheduled in 1974. Environment Agency lidar survey
| LiDAR Survey (Uncertain): | |
| Other (1949): | Aerial photograph/St Joseph, 9/7/49 |
| Other (1974): | Scheduled |
| 1st Identified Written Reference (1975): |
Surface finds of 29 sherds of coarse Roman greyware and one small samian fragment. No other evidence.
| None: | ✓ |
| Spring: | ✗ |
| Stream: | ✗ |
| Pool: | ✗ |
| Flush: | ✗ |
| Well: | ✗ |
| Other: | ✗ |
| No Known Features: | ✓ |
| Round Stone Structures: | ✗ |
| Rectangular Stone Structures: | ✗ |
| Curvilinear Platforms: | ✗ |
| Other Roundhouse Evidence: | ✗ |
| Pits: | ✗ |
| Quarry Hollows: | ✗ |
| Other: | ✗ |
| No Known Excavation: | ✓ |
| Pits: | ✗ |
| Postholes: | ✗ |
| Roundhouses: | ✗ |
| Rectangular Structures: | ✗ |
| Roads/Tracks: | ✗ |
| Quarry Hollows: | ✗ |
| Other: | ✗ |
| Nothing Found: | ✗ |
| No Known Geophysics: | ✓ |
| Pits: | ✗ |
| Roundhouses: | ✗ |
| Rectangular Structures: | ✗ |
| Roads/Tracks: | ✗ |
| Quarry Hollows: | ✗ |
| Other: | ✗ |
| Nothing Found: | ✗ |
Surface finds of 29 sherds of coarse Roman greyware and one small samian fragment
| No Known Finds: | ✗ |
| Pottery: | ✓ |
| Metal: | ✗ |
| Metalworking: | ✗ |
| Human Bones: | ✗ |
| Animal Bones: | ✗ |
| Lithics: | ✗ |
| Environmental: | ✗ |
| Other: | ✗ |
| APs Not Checked: | ✗ |
| None: | ✓ |
| Roundhouses: | ✗ |
| Rectangular Structures: | ✗ |
| Pits: | ✗ |
| Postholes: | ✗ |
| Roads/Tracks: | ✗ |
| Other: | ✗ |
Cropmarks suggest a slightly out-turned entrance in the NE.
| Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts: | 1 |
| Number of Possible Original Entrances: |
Guard Chambers: ✗
| Chevaux de Frise: | ✗ |
| Entrance 1 (Northeast): | Out-turned |
D-shaped ditched enclosure measuring approximately 115m by 112m enclosing approximately 1ha. it is surrounded by a single infilled ditch. Lidar suggests it is still extant in places.
| Enclosed Area 1: | 1.0ha. |
| Enclosed Area 2: | ✗ |
| Enclosed Area 3: | ✗ |
| Enclosed Area 4: | ✗ |
| Total Enclosed Area: | 1.0ha. |
Total Footprint Area: ✗
| Multi-period Enclosure System: | ✗ | Interpretation from lidar suggests it is much larger than the 65m diameter (0.3ha) reported by Challis and Harding (1975). |
| Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit: | ✓ |
| Number of Ramparts: | 1: | A sub-circular enclosure measuring approximately 65m in diameter; it is surrounded by a single infilled ditch. |
| Number of Ramparts NE Quadrant: | 1 |
| Number of Ramparts SE Quadrant: | 1 |
| Number of Ramparts SW Quadrant: | 1 |
| Number of Ramparts NW Quadrant: | 1 |
| Partial Univallate: | ✗ |
| Univallate: | ✓ |
| Partial Bivallate: | ✗ |
| Bivallate: | ✗ |
| Partial Multivallate: | ✗ |
| Multivallate: | ✗ |
| Unknown: | ✗ |
| Partial Univallate: | ✗ |
| Univallate: | ✗ |
| Partial Bivallate: | ✗ |
| Bivallate: | ✗ |
| Partial Multivallate: | ✗ |
| Multivallate: | ✗ |
Earthworks in woodland not investigated
| None: | ✓ |
| Earthen Bank: | ✗ |
| Stone Wall: | ✗ |
| Rubble: | ✗ |
| Wall-walk: | ✗ |
| Evidence of Timber: | ✗ |
| Vitrification: | ✗ |
| Other Burning: | ✗ |
| Palisade: | ✗ |
| Counter Scarp Bank: | ✗ |
| Berm: | ✗ |
| Unfinished: | ✗ |
| Other: | ✗ |
| None: | ✗ |
| Earthen Bank: | ✗ |
| Stone Wall: | ✗ |
| Murus Duplex: | ✗ |
| Timber-framed: | ✗ |
| Timber-laced: | ✗ |
| Vitrification: | ✗ |
| Other Burning: | ✗ |
| Palisade: | ✗ |
| Counter Scarp Bank: | ✗ |
| Berm: | ✗ |
| Unfinished: | ✗ |
| No Known Excavation: | ✓ |
| Other: | ✗ |
| Gang Working: | ✗ |
Ditches: ✓
| Number of Ditches: | 1: | Single infilled ditch. |
| Annex: | ✗ |
Challis A.J. and Harding, D.W. 1975. Later prehistory from the Trent to the Tyne. BAR (British series 1) (1974) - 20 (i) Page(s)122
Challis A.J. and Harding, D.W. 1975. Later prehistory from the Trent to the Tyne. BAR (British series 1) (1974) - 20 (ii) Page(s)46
Hogg, A.H.A. 1979. British Hill-Forts. An Index. British Archaeological Reports, British Series 62.
Richardson, C. 1990. A catalogue of recent acquisitions to Carlisle Museum and reported finds from the Cumbrian area, Trans Cumberland Westmorland Antiq Archaeol Soc 66, 36
Atlas of Hillforts: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk/?query=Atlas_of_Hillforts_4166_0%2CMain_Atlas_Number%2C0104
Wikidata: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31110529
The online version of the Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland should be cited as:
Lock, G. and Ralston, I. 2017. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. [ONLINE] Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk.
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