Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

EN0408 Chisenbury Camp, Wiltshire (Cissanbyrig; Chisenbury Trendle)

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  Wiltshire and Swindon MWI113701 (None)

NMR:  SU 15 SE 7 (220236)

SM:  None

NGR:  SU15195387

X:  415191  Y:  153873  (OSGB36)

Summary

Small, sub-circular, hillslope fort on undulating Upavon Down, with shallow banks enclosing 1.8ha, partly levelled in 1931 when Upavon Airfield extended. In an area of substantial Romano-British activity. Earthwork now consists of spread bank up to 0.3m high, except on S where a scarp reaches to 1m high, with external ditch and hints of counterscarp. No trace of S entrance or former outwork mentioned by Colt Hoare, either on the ground or on aerial photographs. Prior to levelling, best preserved bank to 2m high. Vestiges of `Celtic' field system underlying enclosure remain and spread N, as described in RCHME field survey 1993. Also noted were a number of parchmarks which probably represent position of small pits. Small-scale excavation (Cunnington 1932-4), finds included pottery (probably Iron Age), piece of loom weight, three worked chalk discs, bone counter and human jawbone. On Ist Ed. OS map (1886-87).

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -198548  Y:  6671639  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -1.783583186422514  Latitude:  51.28374187409613  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  England

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Wiltshire

Historic County:  Wiltshire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Enford

Monument Condition

Part-levelled and cultivated. Road passes through site NE-SW.

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

Cultivated downland. Road.

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

Small sub-circular downland hillslope fort on undulating Upavon Down.

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Located on the southern slopes of a prominent spur of Upavon Down above the River Avon

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  Undulating downland.

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  154.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

Small-scale excavation (Cunnington 1932-4), finds included pottery (probably Iron Age), piece of loom weight, three worked chalk discs, bone counter and human jawbone.

Reliability:  C - Low

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:
Artefactual:   None

Investigation History

On Ist Ed. OS map (1886-87). Excavation Maud Cunnington 1931. RCHME field survey of Salisbury Plain Training Area 1991, survey ref. no. 888341.

Investigations:
Excavation (1931):   M.E. Cunnington and B. Cunnington.
Earthwork Survey (1991):   RCHME field survey of Salisbury Plain Training Area..
1st Identified Map Depiction (None):   OS map.

Interior Features

Parchmarks probably represent position of small pits. Finds included pottery, piece of loom weight, three worked chalk discs, bone counter and human jawbone.

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

Parchmarks probably represent position of small pits.

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

Finds included pottery, piece of loom weight, three worked chalk discs, bone counter and human jawbone.

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

Parchmarks probably represent position of small pits.

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

No trace of S entrance mentioned by Colt Hoare, either on the ground or on aerial photographs.

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
0:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   No sign of entrance.

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:No related records

Enclosing Works

Earthwork now consists of spread bank up to 0.3m high, except on S where a scarp reaches to 1m high, with external ditch and hints of counterscarp.

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   1.8ha.
Total:   1.8ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   1
Total:   1

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   None

Number of Ditches:  1

Annex:
✗   None

References

Cunnington, M.E. 1932-34. Chisenbury Camp, Wiltshire Archaeol Natur Hist Soc, 46, 1-3.

Hoare, R.C. Ancient Wiltshire, I, London: Miller, 92.



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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