Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

EN0438 The Castles, Bathealton, Somerset (Castles Camp)

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  Somerset 43351 (None)

NMR:  ST 02 SE 1 (188235)

SM:  1019150

NGR:  ST057244

X:  305700  Y:  124400  (OSGB36)

Summary

Partial contour univallate hillfort located on rounded summit of sandstone hill directly overlooking valley of the River Tone on the E edge of Exmoor. On 1st Ed OS map (1885-1900). Very steep slopes to N and W; steep on S and moderate on E. Oval in shape aligned E-W. Enclosed by strong bank 3m high and 9m wide on the E, where slopes less steep; here ditch now shallow depression 5m wide. On N, S and W where less steep defences are scarp with traces of outer ditch and counterscarp bank c. 6m wide. Ditch to N 0.4m deep and 8m wide. Original entrance in middle of E side. Neolithic artefacts and Roman coins found. Minimal investigations.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -372432  Y:  6623269  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -3.345617782169235  Latitude:  51.01116672017884  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  England

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Somerset

Historic County:  Somerset

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Bathealton

Monument Condition

E, S and W banks blurred by ancient hedge banks. On Heritage at Risk Register (2015).

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

Partial contour univallate hillfort located on rounded summit of sandstone hill directly overlooking valley of the River Tone on the E edge of Exmoor. Slight drop to W.

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  Rounded summit of sandstone hill overlooking valley of River Tone.

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  220.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

Neolithic artefacts found suggest earlier interest in the site. Site possible Iron Age date.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   Possible earlier Neolithic interest.
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:
Artefactual:   Neolithic artefacts found suggest earlier interest in the site.

Investigation History

On 1st Ed OS map (1885-1900).

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (None):   1st Ed OS

Interior Features

Neolithic arrowhead and fragment of polished axe and Roman coins found.

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

Neolithic arrowhead and fragment of polished axe and Roman coins found.

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

None

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

Two gaps, that on E original 10m wide formed by slight inturn of banks. That just to N probably modern.

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
2:   Gap to N of E entrance probably modern.

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. In-turned (East):   Slight inturns. 10m width.

Enclosing Works

Enclosed by strong bank 3m high and 9m wide on the E, where slopes less steep; here ditch now shallow depression 5m wide. On N, S and W where less steep defences are scarp with traces of outer ditch and counterscarp bank c. 6m wide. Ditch to N 0.4m deep and 8m wide.

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   1.6ha.
Total:   1.6ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   Scarped to N, S, W.

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   1
Total:   1

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

Counterscarp bank c. 6m wide.

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   Ditch now shallow depression 5m wide on E. Ditch to N 0.4m deep and 8m wide.

Number of Ditches:  1

Annex:
✗   None

References

Burrow, E.J. 1924. Ancient earthworks and camps of Somerset, Cheltenham: E.J. Burrow, 66-67.

Page, W. (ed) 1906. The Victoria County History of the County of Somerset, 1, 357, London: St Catherine Press.

Page, W. (ed) 1911. The Victoria County History of the County of Somerset, 2, 481, London: St Catherine Press.



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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