Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

EN0464 Wadbury Camp, Somerset (Wadbury Hillfort)

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  Somerset 23850 (None)

NMR:  ST 74 NW 2 (202772)

SM:  1006162

NGR:  ST735489

X:  373500  Y:  148900  (OSGB36)

Summary

Scheduled as a large univallate fort, located at W end of small promontory ridge on N side of Mells Valley and stream. On 1st Ed OS map (1885-1900). Could possibly be a promontory fort. Ground falls precipitously on S and W, steeply on N, with a flat approach from the E. On E is a strong double rampart, c. 5.5m high with ditch and counterscarp and with vestiges of another bank, much altered by domestic gardens. Some confusion as to whether one of the banks is modern and whether the site is a promontory fort per se, as on the N side a scarp survives with a stony bank below. Possible entrance to N, but outer bank here much altered by farm track. Domestic buildings affect E. Small trench 2000, as part of planning application at Wadbury Cottage, found no archaeology.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Unconfirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Unconfirmed

Location

X:  -265052  Y:  6663609  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -2.3810050990281195  Latitude:  51.23860448401393  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  England

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Somerset

Historic County:  Somerset

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Mells

Monument Condition

Affected on E by domestic gardens and outer bank to N at entrance part-destroyed by farm track.

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

Scheduled as a univallate fort, it is located at the W end of a small promontory ridge on N side of the Mells Valley and stream and possibly better described as a promontory fort.

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Situated on the N side of Mells stream

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  Promontory ridge above Mells Valley and stream.

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  Nonem

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

None

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

On 1st Ed OS map (1885-1900). Watching brief at Wadbury Fort Cottage 1998 found an undated buried soil horizon to E end of cottage. Small trench 2000, as part of planning application at Wadbury Cottage, found no archaeology. LiDAR survey est 2006.

Investigations:
Other (1998):   Watching brief.
Excavation (2000):   Small trench.
1st Identified Map Depiction (None):   1st Ed OS
LiDAR Survey (None):   Geomatics.

Interior Features

None

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

None

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

Possible gap entrance, but outer bank part-destroyed by farm track.

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
1:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (North):   Entrance affected by farm track.

Enclosing Works

On E is a strong double rampart, c. 5.5m high with ditch and counterscarp and with the vestiges of another bank, much altered by domestic gardens. There is some confusion as to whether one of the banks is modern and whether the site is a promontory fort per se, as on the N side a scarp survives with a stony bank below.

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   30.0ha.
Total:   30.0ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✗   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   0
NW Quadrant:   0
Total:   1

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

Watching brief at Wadbury Fort Cottage 1998 found an undated buried soil horizon to E end of cottage.

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   None

Number of Ditches:  1

Annex:
✗   None

References

Burrow, E.J. 1924. Ancient earthworks and camps of Somerset, Cheltenham: E.J. Burrow, 58-59.



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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