Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

EN0589 West Hills Camp, Northumberland

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  Northumberland 2840 (None)

NMR:  NU 00 SW 26 (4723)

SM:  1011291

NGR:  NU 03793 02088

X:  403793  Y:  602088  (OSGB36)

Summary

Lying at 167m OD on West Hills, overlooking the valley of the River Coquet and 650m to the W of Old Rothbury Hillfort (Atlas number 0590), a small multivallate hillfort of 0.15ha. A well-preserved inner rampart 1.5m high surrounded by a wide, level berm of between 6-16m. Two further earth and stone banks lie outside the berm with a 12m wide ditch between giving an overall measurement of 130m E-W by 140m N-S. The two banks survive up to 1.5m above the ditch, becoming less pronounced in the S. Three gaps through the ramparts in the E, two of which measure 33m across appear to be associated with staggered entrances and corresponding gaps through the inner rampart and probably represent the sites of original entrances. A field boundary cuts the enclosure NW-SE and destruction has occurred in the W. A field track cuts the western extent beyond which it is completely destroyed. No visible trace of internal structures are present. The hillfort is shown on 1856-65 OS mapping and was first scheduled in 1932. No investigation has been carried out and the site is undated but presumed Iron Age.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -216158  Y:  7422830  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -1.9417807767502022  Latitude:  55.31289133523712  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  England; None

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Northumberland

Historic County:  Northumberland

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Rothbury

Monument Condition

Partially levelled by ploughing in the W

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

Ploughed in the past, now rough grassland with gorse defining the ramparts in places

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

A hillslope fort lying at 167m OD, occupying the highest point of a spur on the W of West Hill

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  Occupies the highest point of a spur on the W of West Hill, overlooking the valley of the River Coquet

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  167.0m

Boundary

Northern boundary of the hillfort lies on the boundary of Rothbury and Thropton

Boundary Type:  Parish/Townland


Dating Evidence

Undated, presumed Iron Age

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:
Morphology/Earthwork/Typology:   None

Investigation History

Recorded on 1856-65 OS mapping; general reference in McLauchlan (1867) regarding features outside the hillfort, Hogg (1947). Field investigations 1957, 1971. Scheduled

Investigations:
1st Identified Written Reference (1867):   None
Other (1911):   Field investigation
Other (1932):   Scheduled
Other (1957):   Field investigation
1st Identified Map Depiction (None):   None

Interior Features

No known features; at least partly cultivated in shallow rigs

Water Source

River Coquet to the S

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

None

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

The number of entrances is unclear from written descriptions, but would imply up to 9 breaks - three gaps through the ramparts in the E, two of which measure 33m across appear to be associated with staggered entrances and corresponding gaps through the inner rampart thought to represent the sites of original entrances.

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
9:   There is some uncertaintly to this number

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Oblique (East):   Inner rampart, middle and outer represented by 33m wide gaps

Enclosing Works

Well-preserved inner rampart 1.5m high surrounded by a wide, level berm of between 6-16m. Two further earth and stone banks lie outside the berm with a 12m wide ditch between giving an overall measurement of 130m E-W by 140m N-S. The two banks survive up to 1.5m above the ditch, becoming less pronounced in the S.

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.15ha.
Total:   0.15ha.

Total Footprint Area:  1.22ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   Whole site footprint estimated from satellite imagery

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   Now destroyed in the W

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   3
SE Quadrant:   3
SW Quadrant:   3
NW Quadrant:   3
Total:   3

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   None

Number of Ditches:  1

Annex:
✗   None

References

Hogg, A.H.A.1979. British Hill-Forts. An Index. British Archaeological Reports, British Series 62. 123

Hogg, A.H.A. 1947. A new list of the native sites of Northumberland. Proc Soc Antiq Newcastle (4th Series) 11, 167.

MacLauchlan, H. 1867. Additional notes on Roman roads in Northumberland. 82-3



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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