Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

EN0598 Porth Joke, Inner Kelsey, Cornwall (Kelsey Head, Cubert)

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

Scroll left/right to view further images.

HER:  Cornwall and Scilly MCO38379 (25312)

NMR:  SW 76 SE 4 (428420)

SM:  1020026

NGR:  SW76846070

X:  176845  Y:  60708  (OSGB36)

Summary

Small promontory fort lying on single promontory spur west of Porth Joke, at Inner Kelsey, seaward part of The Kelseys, headland SW of Newquay and E of Kelsey Head (Atlas No 3718). Sea cliffs to N, E, W. Irregular plan reflecting topography of cliffs, measuring c. 50m across enclosing 1.5ha. Rampart of earth and stone incorporates natural rock across neck of promontory, curving S and generally c. 6m wide and 0.8m-1.5m high outside, 0.3m-1.1m high inside, but very slight for c.7m from the cliff on E. Possible ditch. Original entrance possibly near centre of rampart, where it dips by c. 0.5m for some 3m. Interior falls towards cliffs with natural slope, broken by outcrops of bedrock, except inside the entrance where it forms a natural or modified platform c. 8m across and 0.8m high above the slope. Coastal grassland and site being eroded by sea. Minimal investigations recorded. Undated. On 1st Edition OS map (1885-1900).

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -572381  Y:  6516487  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -5.141790041628419  Latitude:  50.40370679076362  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  England

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Cornwall

Historic County:  Cornwall

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Cubert

Monument Condition

Sea eroding site.

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

Coastal grassland and bare rock.

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

Small promontory fort (aka cliff castle) lying on single promontory spur west of Porth Joke, at Inner Kelsey, seaward part of The Kelseys, headland SW of Newquay. Sea cliffs to N, E, W.

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Located on a prominent spur, the interior falling towards the cliffs with the natural slope

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  Coastal promontory spur.

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  15.4m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

None

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

On 1st Edition OS map (1885-1900).

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (None):   None

Interior Features

None

Water Source

None visible

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

None

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

Possible simple gap original entrance possibly near centre of rampart, where it dips by c. 0.5m for some 3m. Interior falls towards cliffs with natural slope, broken by outcrops of bedrock, except inside the entrance where it forms a natural or modified platform c. 8m across and 0.8m high above the slope.

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
1:   Rampart dips suggesting entrance.

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (North):   Possible simple gap

Enclosing Works

Irregular plan reflecting topography of cliffs, measuring c. 50m across. Rampart of earth and stone incorporates natural rock across neck of promontory, curving S and generally c. 6m wide and 0.8m-1.5m high outside, 0.3m-1.1m high inside, but very slight for c.7m from the cliff on E. Possible ditch.

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   1.5ha.
Total:   1.5ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✗   Rampart curves S across promontory.

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   0
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   0
Total:   1

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

Rampart of earth and stone incorporates natural rock across neck of promontory.

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   Possible ditch.

Number of Ditches:  1

Annex:
✗   None

References

Harding, J.R. 1950. The prehistoric sites of the north Cornish coast, Antiq J, 30, 163-65.

Pattison, S.R. 1849. Annual report of the Royal Institution of Cornwall, Annual Report of the Royal Institution of Cornwall,31, 36-7.



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


Document Version 1.1