Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

EN4237 Brent Tor, Devon

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  Devon MDV1669 (None)

NMR:  SX 48 SE 5 (438139)

SM:  1104797

NGR:  SX471804

X:  247104  Y:  80410  (OSGB36)

Summary

Possible contour hillfort located on rocky Brent Tor, conspicuous landmark on fringe of Dartmoor. Above River Burn to E. Curving, incomplete, rampart appears to enclose N and E sides of the tor, with precipitous outcrops providing definition on W. Wall/bank to 1m high on inside, but looking much steeper from without, with steep, apparently artificial, earthwork slope to 5m high and 10m wide at base. Possible traces of ditch in places. Possible structures behind rampart. Possible post medieval mineral extraction in interior confuses interpretation. Earthworks on N slopes of tor possibly Dark Age, medieval or later date and could be associated with fair held between 1231 and 1550. Hill subsequently used by abbots of Tavistock as site for Brentor parish church (St Michael's). Rocky grassland and bare rock.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Unconfirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Unconfirmed

Location

X:  -463316  Y:  6551413  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -4.162038945726073  Latitude:  50.60326160498793  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  England

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Devon

Historic County:  Devon

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Brentor

Monument Condition

Some management and erosion repair measures taken place. St Michael's Church in interior.

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

Rocky grassland and bare rock. Church in interior.

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

Possible contour hillfort located on Brent Tor, conspicuous landmark on fringe of Dartmoor. Above River Burn to E.

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  Rocky tor.

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  305.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

Uncertain date. It is assumed that the site is Iron Age, but it is possible that it is earlier, even Neolithic.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   Possible. It is assumed that the site is Iron Age, but it is possible that it is earlier, even Neolithic. Flint chance find.
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

Earthwork survey - no details.

Investigations:
Earthwork Survey (None):   No details.

Interior Features

Earthwork foundations of c. dozen small rectilinear structures c. 4m by 3m extend for c. 70m along inside of highest rampart with c. ten contiguous structures c. 5m by 4m terraced into slope to SW. Flint chance find.

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

Earthwork foundations of c. dozen small rectilinear structures c. 4m by 3m extend for c. 70m along inside of highest rampart with c. ten contiguous structures c. 5m by 4m terraced into slope to SW.

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

Flint chance find.

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

None

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

None defined.

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
0:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:No related records

Enclosing Works

Curving, incomplete, rampart appears to enclose N and E sides of the tor, with precipitous outcrops providing defence on W. Wall/bank to 1m high on inside, but looking much steeper from without, with steep, apparently artificial, earthwork slope to 5m high and 10m wide at base. Possible traces of ditch in places. Possible

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   Noneha.
Total:   Noneha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   Area not defined.

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✗   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   0
NW Quadrant:   0
Total:   1

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

Probable stone wall.

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   Possible traces in places.

Number of Ditches:  1

Annex:
✗   None

References

Griffith, F. M. 1988. Devon's Past. An Aerial View. Devon's Past. An Aerial View, Paperback Volume, 66.

Newman, P. 2003. Brentor. An Earthwork Site on Western Dartmoor, Devon, English Heritage Archaeological Investigation Report, AI/12/2004.

Pilkington-Rogers, C. W. 1932. The Date of the Dartmoor Antiquities, Trans Devonshire Assoc, 64, 385.

Silvester, R. J. 1979. The Relationship of First Millennium Settlement to the Upland Areas of the South West, Proc Devon Archaeol Soc, 37, 181.

Worth, R. N.. 1889. Early History of Tavistock, Trans Devonshire Assoc. 21, 135.



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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