Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

IR0681 Castle Gale, Limerick (Carrig Henry, Darragh More, 'The Citadel')

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  Archaeological Survey of Ireland SMR Database LI059A001 (None)

NMR:  LI 059 (None)

SM:  None

NGR:  None

X:  572098  Y:  616007  (IRENET95)

Summary

In commanding position at the summit of Carrig Henry, positioned on a natural triangular promontory in the Ballyhoura Hills. The site affords extensive views of the Limerick plains to the N and the Blackwater valley to the S. Two closely spaced earth and stone banks cut off the S, most accessible approach. The hillfort has a total site foot print of 1.6ha. A single entrance, consisting of corresponding breaks in the inner and outer enclosing elements is located at the midway along the banks on the S. A possible earthen bank to the N, beyond the cliff face, has been identified by Doody (2008, 540). This has a possible original entrance at its centre. A stone cairn at the highest point within the hillfort is said to be the remains of a Post-Medieval tower (Doody 2008, 541). No other evidence for internal features on the surface. Interior under scrub and bracken growth and commercial forestry plantation surrounds the hillfort at the N, E and W. Topographical survey by Doody (2008, 540 - 541). Hillfort not identified in any historic mapping.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -936090  Y:  6853645  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -8.409041003775076  Latitude:  52.295015083117526  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Republic of Ireland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Limerick

Historic County:  Limerick

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Castle Gale

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

Commercial woodland surrounds the hillfort at the N, E and W. Interior under scrub and bracken growth.

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

Inland promontory fort positioned on the Cork/Limerick border in the Ballyhoura Hills. Situated on the summit of Carrig Henry, a natural promontory protected at the N, E and W by cliff face and to the S by two closely spaced banks of stone. Extensive views of the Limerick plains to the N and the Blackwater valley to the S.

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  Hilltop/promontory.

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  302.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

No dating evidence.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   A stone cairn at the highest point within the hillfort is said to be the remains of a Post-Medieval tower (Doody 2008, 541).

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

Earthwork survey by Doody (2008). Not identified in any historic mapping.

Investigations:
Other (1998):   Visited by Hillfort Study Group
Earthwork Survey (None):   Doody (2008, 540 - 541).

Interior Features

A stone cairn at the highest point within the hillfort is said to be the remains of a Post-Medieval tower (Doody 2008, 541). No other evidence for internal features on the surface.

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

Cairn

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

Two corresponding breaks in inner and outer enclosing elements to S. This comprises a simple staggered break at the center of the enclosing features, 4m wide at the outer banks and 9m wide at the inner bank (Doody 2008, 541). A large upright slab flanks the E side of entrance in the inner enclosing element. Entrance in possible enclosing feature to N comprising a simple gap 6m in width at the center of the bank.

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
2:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (South):   Break in inner enclosing element to S.
1. Simple Gap (South):   Break in outer enclosing element to S.
2. Simple Gap (North):   Break in possible enclosing element to N.

Enclosing Works

Triangular area defined at the S by a set of closely spaced earthen banks and an intervening ditch. Width of inner bank varies from 6 - 12m. Average width of outer bank varies from 4- 7m. Depth of ditch from top of bank to bottom of ditch is 4m in places. Banks faced in places. Possible enclosing elements to N comprise an earthen bank approximately 5.8m wide and 1.7m high (Doody 2008, 541). For plan of site see Doody (2008, 541).

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   1.24ha.
Total:   1.24ha.

Total Footprint Area:  1.6ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✗   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   2
SW Quadrant:   2
NW Quadrant:   1
Total:   2

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

Earthen bank with facing in places.

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   None

Number of Ditches:  1

Annex:
✗   None.

References

Doody, M. 2008. The Ballyhoura Hills Project. Wordwell, Dublin.



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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