Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

IR1467 Townparks, Donegal

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  Archaeological Survey of Ireland SMR Database DG107-052001 (None)

NMR:  DG 107 (None)

SM:  None

NGR:  None

X:  586894  Y:  861610  (IRENET95)

Summary

This coastal promontory fort is located at 'Dungravenen' on the N side of the Erne estuary close to the town of Ballyshannon, Co. Donegal. It is a roughly triangular headland that projects SW into the Erne Estuary and parallel with Gibby Point. It is cut-off at the landward side on the ENE by an earthen bank and a rock-cut ditch (c. 4.5m wide), drawn in a shallow arc for a distance of 40m from NW to SE. A gap in the bank and a causeway over the ditch may mark the location of a the entrance. Within the relatively level interior there is a horsehoe-shaped mound with a surrounding ditch, which is interpreted as a ring-barrow (DG107-052002). The only other recorded internal feature is a rock-cut souterrrain open in three places. Entry to the souterrain is gained from the S, where the passage is 0.47m deep and leads to a chanber running N and S and measuring 4.06m long, 0.75m high and 1.2m wide (Lacey 1983, 227); there is an opening to the surface at the N end of this. All the chambers and passage are roofed with flagstones. The promontory is currently under pasture.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -913081  Y:  7265952  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -8.202342425331798  Latitude:  54.502751258211475  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Republic of Ireland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Donegal

Historic County:  Donegal

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Townparks

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

This coastal promontory forms a roughly triangular headland of c. 0.35ha overall that projects SW into the Erne Estuary and parallel with Gibby Point. It is cut-off at the landward side by an earthen bank and a rock-cut ditch (c. 4.5m wide) running for approximately 4m in a NW-SE direction.

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  SW facing promontory

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  5.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

There are no recorded internal features

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

The site is depicted as 'Dungravenen' on the second edition OS twenty-five-inch map. Surveyed during the early 1980s for the compilation of the archaeological inventory of Co. Donegal (Lacy 1983).

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1913):   OS 25-inch map
Earthwork Survey (1983):   Brian Lacey (Donegal Archaeological Survey)

Interior Features

A possible ring barrow is recorded towards the entrance of the promontory while elsewhere a rock-cut souterrain is open in three places. Entry to the souterrain is gained from the S, where the passage is 0.47m deep and leads to a chanber running N and S and measuring 4.06m long, 0.75m high and 1.2m wide (Lacey 1983, 227); there is an opening to the surface at the N end.

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

Souterrain and ring barrow

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

A gap in the bank and a causeway over the ditch may mark the location of the entrance.

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
1:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (North east):   None

Enclosing Works

It is cut-off at the landward side by an earthen bank and a rock-cut ditch (c. 4.5m wide) running for approximately 40m in a NW/SE direction. There is no other information available as to the morphology of these features.

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.17ha.
Total:   0.17ha.

Total Footprint Area:  0.27ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✗   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   0
SW Quadrant:   0
NW Quadrant:   0
Total:   1

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   Rock-cut ditch

Number of Ditches:  1

Annex:
✗   None

References

Lacey, B. 1983. Archaeological Survey of County Donegal. Lifford



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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