Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC1150 Arran, North Sannox, Torr An T' Sean Chaisteil, Buteshire

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  The West of Scotland Archaeology Service 4802 (None)

NMR:  NS 04 NW 7 (40220)

SM:  412

NGR:  NS 0018 4738

X:  200180  Y:  647380  (OSGB36)

Summary

This fort occupies a rocky hillock that rises up on the S side of a burn gully on the SE flank of Torr Reamhar, one of the hills forming the N side of North Glen Sannox. Oval on plan, it measures about 35m from NW to SE by 30m transversely (0.08ha) within a tumbled stone wall 0.4m in height and spread 5m in maximum thickness. A few outer facing-stones are visible on the S, and lining the entrance on the SE, which is 3m wide. The rocky interior is featureless, but what is probably a relatively modern shelter built within the ruins of the wall on the W was mistaken by James Balfour as an ancient structure. In addition to the inner wall enclosing the summit, there are outer walls forming annexes on the NW and SE respectively. The latter provides additional protection to the entrance, comprising a crescent of wall some 2.5m thick by up to 0.8m high set about 9m in front of the inner rampart and also pierced by an entrance. The annexe on the NW forms a rather larger enclosure, measuring about 30m from NE to SW by 20m transversely (0.04ha) within a ruined wall spread 3m in htickness and 0.3m in height; no evidence of an entrance has been noted in this annexe.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -576602  Y:  7494717  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -5.1797050776200875  Latitude:  55.67869644700946  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  North Ayrshire

Historic County:  Buteshire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Kilbride

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  195.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

In the absence of excavation, there are neither stratified artefacts nor radiocarbon dates to provide a chronology for the defences.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

First depicted in 1864 on the 1st edition OS 6-inch map (Argyll and Bute 1869, sheet 238), it was described by James Balfour about 1910 (1910, 175). It was visited by the OS in 1977 and Scheduled in 1953.

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1864):   Annotated Fort on the 1st edition OS 6-inch map (Argyll and Bute 1869, sheet 238)
Other (1910):   Description by James Balfour (Balfour 1910, 175)
Other (1953):   Scheduled
Other (1977):   Surveyed at 1:10.000 by the OS

Interior Features

Featureless and largely outcrop

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
1:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (South east):   Some facing remains in place

Enclosing Works

Single wall with outworks enclosing annexes

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.08ha.
Total:   0.08ha.

Total Footprint Area:  0.25ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   While the annexe on the SE forms an outwork to the inner wall, that on the NW may represent an independent enclosure

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   2
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   1
Total:   2

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   None

Number of Ditches:  None

Annex:
✓   Outworks enclose annexes on the NW and SE, the latter providing additional protection to the entrance and the former an enclosure of about 0.04ha. the relationship between this larger annexe and the inner fort is unknown and it conceivably represents an independent enclosure.

References

Balfour, J A (ed.) (1910) The book of Arran, vol.1. Glasgow



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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