Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC1237 West Kilbride, Seamill, Ayrshire

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  The West of Scotland Archaeology Service 5574 (None)

NMR:  NS 24 NW 10 (40997)

SM:  None

NGR:  NS 2031 4715

X:  220310  Y:  647150  (OSGB36)

Summary

This small fort occupies a steep-sided hillock that forms the NW extremity of a promontory on the S bank of the Kilbride Burn not far above the point where it debouches onto the shore. The construction of a large house in the late 1880s or early 1890s has bitten back into the SW flank of the fort, and the surrounding area has also been subjected to varying degrees of landscaping to create a garden. Thus the top of the hillock has been levelled to form a lawn, emphasising the height of the rampart surviving at its SE end, which is about 3m in thickness and stands to height of about 3m internally; it falls away externally here into a shallow hollow separating the hillock from the spine of the promontory. Elsewhere the ground drops steeply on all sides, and while the rampart can be seen to turn back along the NE flank, nothing of it is visible elsewhere. According to a plan drawn up by Robert Munro following the excavations of 1880, two walls were found along the SW flank of the knoll, each 'about 5 or 6 feet thick, and only a few yards apart', but in view of the scale of the rampart at the SE end it is possible that these were no more than the inner and outer faces of the same thick wall, which came together at the NW end. From his plan, the interior measures about 30m from NW to SE by 12m transversely (0.03ha) and in its SE end they found a substantial stone structure with a paved floor. Most of the finds, which included a rotary quern several pieces of worked shale and artefacts of iron, bronze and glass, a bronze stud and several sherds of Roman wares, came from within this structure. Evidently domestic, it is unclear whether it represent the remains of a round-house or, possibly a more substantial dun inserted into an earlier fortification.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -540997  Y:  7495864  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -4.8598578339229075  Latitude:  55.68450256390989  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  North Ayrshire

Historic County:  Ayrshire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  West Kilbride

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

Garden ground

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  15.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

The finds recovered here do not necessarily relate to the construction of defences

Reliability:  C - Low

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:
Artefactual:   Roman good

Investigation History

First noted in the New Statistical Account in 1837 (NSA 5, Ayrshire, 257-8), it is depicted on the 1st edition OS 25-inch map (Ayrshire 1858, sheet 10.12), and in 1880 was selected for excavation by the Ayrshire and Wigtownshire Archaeological Association (Munro 1882, 60). It was subsequently visited in the early 1890s by David Christison (1893, 397) and John Smith (1895, 7-8). It was visited in 1952 by RCAHMS as part of the Survey of Marginal Lands and by the OS in 1956, 1964 and 1982. A watching brief was carried out in 2010 (Turner 2010).

Investigations:
1st Identified Written Reference (1837):   Noted (NSA 5, Ayrshire, 257-8)
1st Identified Map Depiction (1858):   Annotated Fort on the 1st edition OS 25-inch map (Ayrshire 1858, sheet 10.12)
Excavation (1880):   Party from the Ayrshire and Wigtownshire Archaeological Association with a gang of workmen (Munro 1882)
Other (1893):   Description by David Christison (1893, 397)
Other (1895):   Description by John Smith (1895, 7-8)
Other (1952):   Description during RCAHMS Survey of Marginal Lands
Other (1956):   Visited by the OS
Other (1964):   Resurveyed at 1:2500 by the OS
Other (1982):   Visited by the OS
Excavation (2010):   Turner 2010

Interior Features

Now featureless, but evidently partly occupied by a substantial structure

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

Paving and structural remains found in an antiquarian excavation.

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES; obscured by trees

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
0:   Extensively demolished

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None reliably recorded

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:No related records

Enclosing Works

One or two wallls

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.03ha.
Total:   0.03ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✗   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   0
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   0
Total:   1

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

No clear record of the walls

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   Probably a natural hollow on the SE

Number of Ditches:  None

Annex:
✗   None

References

Christison, D (1893) 'The Prehistoric Forts of Ayrshire'. Proc Soc Antiq Scot 27 (1892-93), 381-405.

Munro, R (1882e) 'Notice of excavations made on an ancient "fort" at Seamill, Ayrshire', Archaeol Hist Collect Ayr Wigton 3 (1882), 59-65

NSA (1834-1845) The new statistical account of Scotland by the ministers of the respective parishes under the superintendence of a committee of the society for the benefit of the sons and daughters of the clergy, 15v Edinburgh

Smith, J (1895) Prehistoric Man in Ayrshire. London.

Turner, L (2010g) '56a Ardrossan Road, Seamill, North Ayrshire (West Kilbride parish), watching brief', Discovery Excav Scot, New ser, 11 (2010), 118



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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