Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC1514 Gillies Hill, Stirlingshire

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  Stirling 847 (None)

NMR:  NS 79 SE 60 (46246)

SM:  2566

NGR:  NS 7687 9176

X:  276870  Y:  691760  (OSGB36)

Summary

This fort occupies a triangular promontory formed where a broad gully breaks through the cliffs on the W flank of Gillies Hill. Having been cleared of the plantation that had covered the area since the early 19th century, the fort now lies in a bracken infested clearing. Three ramparts cut off the approach to the promontory from the N and E, describing a shallow arc to enclose an area measuring a maximum of 90m from NNW to SSE by 40m transversely (0.19ha). The entrances are probably on the N and E where the ramparts appear to terminate short of the cliff-edge. The interior is featureless. In 1984 a trial excavation across the southern end of the defences revealed that the ramparts measured about 3m in thickness, comprising rough stone facings and a core scraped up from either side; the outer, which is generally the best preserved of the three, stood 0.6m high in this sector (Rideout 1992). Apart from sherds of two Early Bronze Age Beakers, finds included parts of two large Iron Age vessels, one incorporated into the core of the middle rampart, and the other into an accumulation of material behind the inner rampart, and part of a stone bracelet from behind the outer rampart. Of three old radiocarbon dates, the most recent may be from an intrusive sample and the other two point to an Early Iron Age occupation.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -443187  Y:  7578896  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -3.9812138444203193  Latitude:  56.10274211293694  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Stirling

Historic County:  Stirlingshire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  St Ninians

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

Has been under trees

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  135.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

Three old radiocarbon dates include: 510-210 cal BC from the deposit accumulated to the rear of the inner rampart; 770-380 cal BC from material incorporated into the middle rampart; 370 BC - AD 80 from a branch found between the facing stones of the middle rampart, and possibly intrusive.

Reliability:  C - Low

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:
Artefactual:   Non diagnostic
C14:   None

Investigation History

First recorded in 1957 during the preparation of the County Inventory for Stirlingshire (RCAHMS 1963, 71-2, no.70, fig 9), it was Scheduled in 1966. The OS visited in 1973, and RCAHMS again in 1978. Trial excavations were directed by Jim Rideout in 1984.

Investigations:
Earthwork Survey (1957):   Sketch-plan (RCAHMS 1963, 71-2, no.70, fig 9; RCAHMS STD 25/1-2)
Other (1966):   Scheduled
Other (1978):   Description by RCAHMS
Excavation (1984):   Rideout 1984; 1992 (Archive held in RCAHMS)
Earthwork Survey (1985):   1:500 by Peter Hill for the excavation report (RCAHMS BD 89/3)

Interior Features

Featureless

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
4:   Later plantation trackway cuts through the defences in two places

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   At the margins of the promontory

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (North):   None
2. Simple Gap (East):   None

Enclosing Works

Three ramparts across a promontory

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.19ha.
Total:   0.19ha.

Total Footprint Area:  0.33ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✗   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   3
SE Quadrant:   3
SW Quadrant:   0
NW Quadrant:   0
Total:   3

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   None

Number of Ditches:  None

Annex:
✗   None

References

RCAHMS (1963) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland. Stirlingshire: an inventory of the ancient monuments, 2v. HMSO: Edinburgh

Rideout, J (1984) 'Gillies Hill (St Ninian's p), fort', Disc Exc Scot 1984, 4

Rideout, J (1992) 'Gillies Hill' in Rideout, J, Owen, O A and Halpin, E (eds) Hillforts of southern Scotland. AOC Scotland & Historic Scotland: Edinburgh, 127-36



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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