Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC1704 Quothquan Law, Lanarkshire

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  The West of Scotland Archaeology Service 10550 (None)

NMR:  NS 93 NE 11 (47465)

SM:  2601

NGR:  NS 9882 3842

X:  298820  Y:  638420  (OSGB36)

Summary

This fort is situated on Quothquan Law, a craggy summit that forms a striking topographical feature in its immediate locality. The defences comprise two elements: an upper enclosure which in 1974 RCAHMS investigators saw as the primary fort; with an outer annexe-like enclosure taking in a lower terrace on the NW. On the SW, however, the ramparts of the annexe and the summit enclosure form a continuous scarp, and it is as likely that the two elements simply represent the minimum and maximum extents of the fort in different periods. The upper enclosure on the summit measures 120m from N to S by 70m transversely (0.7ha) within a single rampart reduced largely to a stony scarp, while the outer enclosure extends the interior to about 160m from NW to SE by 100m transversely (1.13ha). The enclosing defences at this end appear more substantial, with an outer concentric rampart and a medial ditch. A trackway climbs obliquely up the slope to an entrance on the SW of this outer enclosure, from which access to the summit would have been gained by following the rampart to the SE, but there is also another entrance into the upper enclosure on the NE. The interior of the upper enclosure is featureless, but at least seven house platforms can be seen in the outer enclosure.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -401703  Y:  7484878  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -3.608559631717907  Latitude:  55.628826316045924  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  South Lanarkshire

Historic County:  Lanarkshire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Libberton

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  A prominent and isolated craggy summit

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  334.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

In the absence of excavation, there are neither stratified artefacts nor radiocarbon dates to provide a chronology for the defences.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

First noted by O G S Crawford from the air in 1939 (Feachem 1963, 130-1), it was visited in 1955 by RCAHMS during the Survey of Marginal Lands, and subsequently included in the County Inventory for Lanarkshire, having been planned in 1965 and revisited in 1974 (RCAHMS 1978, 104-6, no.236, fig 62). It was surveyed by the OS at 1:2500 in 1968. The fort was Scheduled in 1995. Oblique aerial photographs have been taken by CUCAP in 1972 and 1975, and by RCAHMS Aerial Survey Programme in 1981, 1991 and 2010.

Investigations:
1st Identified Written Reference (1939):   First noted by O G S Crawford from the air in 1939 (Feachem 1963, 130-1)
Other (1955):   Description during RCAHMS Survey of Marginal Lands having been noted from vertical aerial photographs (106G Scot/UK 83: 3113-4).
Earthwork Survey (1965):   Plan (RCAHMS 1978, 104-6, no.236, fig 62; RCAHMS LAD 143/1-3)
1st Identified Map Depiction (1968):   Surveyed at 1:2500 by the OS
Other (1975):   Earlier plan and description reviewed (RCAHMS 1978, 104-6, no.236, fig 62)
Other (1995):   Scheduled

Interior Features

At least seven house platforms in the outer enclosure on the NW, though Feachem puts the figure at fourteen (1963, 130-1)

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
2:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (North east):   None
2. Simple Gap (South west):   None
2. Oblique (South west):   Trackway approaches obliquely exposing the visitor's left side

Enclosing Works

Single rampart round the entire circuit, but with an additional ditch and outer rampart around the lower enclosure on the NW

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.7ha.
Area 2:   1.13ha.
Total:   1.13ha.

Total Footprint Area:  1.1ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   Representing only the outer enclosure on the NW

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   2
Total:   2

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

Counterscarp rampart in the sector where the ditch occurs

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   None

Number of Ditches:  1

Annex:
✓   While it has been suggested that the outer enclosure is an annexe to the upper enclosure (RCAHMS 1978, 104, no.236), it is more likely to represent the maximum extent of the defences of a fort with a continuous line of defence taking in the upper slopes of the hill (Feachem 1963, 130-1).

References

Feachem, R (1963) A guide to prehistoric Scotland. Batsford: London

RCAHMS (1978) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland. Lanarkshire: an inventory of the prehistoric and Roman monuments. HMSO: Edinburgh



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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