Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC2153 Islay, Dun Nosebridge, Argyll (Neriby; Dun Noesbridge; Mulindry; Upper Laggan Valley)

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  The West of Scotland Archaeology Service 2324 (None)

NMR:  NR 36 SE 10 (37721)

SM:  3936

NGR:  NR 3713 6011

X:  137130  Y:  660110  (OSGB36)

Summary

Dun Nosebridge is an unusual fort in the context of Islay, and to some extent the rest of Argyll, not for its position on a ridge rising from the valley floor, with a high crag forming its SE flank, but for its use of ditches in the defences, which rise in three tiers to a relatively small enclosure crowning the summit of the ridge (but see also Atlas No. 2154). Subrectangular on plan, this measures no more than 25m from NE to SW by 15m transversely (0.01ha) within a wall reduced to a bank of rubble that still stands 1.6m high above the level of the interior on the SW and considerably more externally where the flanks of the summit appear to have been scarped everywhere except along the edge of the crag on the SE. This inner enclosure stands within an outer enclosure that backs onto the cliff edge and takes in an overall area of about 0.18ha within a grass grown rampart up to 2m in height. The material for the rampart has been quarried internally and taken from an external ditch which can be traced around the SW and NW. It is unclear whether the inner and outer enclosures are contemporary, but on the W the ditch of the outer appears to have been cut into the back of yet another rampart with a substantial external ditch and a counterscarp bank; following a slightly divergent course across the spine of the ridge on the SW flank, these appear to belong to an earlier scheme, though not one that can now be traced around the NE, where elements of the defences may have been obliterated by the occupation of a later township. A gap in the circuit of the outer enclosure on the NE probably marks the position of the entrance. The interior of the inner enclosure has been cultivated in rigs.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -689302  Y:  7511330  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -6.192100987778251  Latitude:  55.7627491179486  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Argyll & Bute

Historic County:  Argyll

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Killarow And Kilmeny

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  90.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

While this is traditionally identified as a prehistoric fort, the use of ditches and scarping may indicate that most of what is visible belongs to an undocumented castle, comparable in many of its details to Dun Guaidhre, which is itself situated immediately above the parish church of Kilmeny. The topographical position is such, however, that it is likely to have been utilised whenever the need arose in the Iron Age or early medieval period. In the absence of excavation, there are neither stratified artefacts nor radiocarbon dates to provide a chronology for the defences.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   NE flank overlain by the remains of a post-medieval township and the interior has also been rigged.

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

First depicted on the 1st edition OS 25-inch map (Argyll and Bute 1881, sheet 209.9), it was visited in 1934 by Gordon Childe, who speculated that it was a vitrified fort, though there is no evidence of vitrifaction on the site (Childe 1935, 83, 84) and seems to have revisited the site in 1942 for the RCAHMS wartime Emergency Surveys. In 1961 a resistivity survey was carried out across the interior. It was surveyed by RCAHMS in 1979 during the preparation of the County Inventory of Argyll (RCAHMS 1984, 94-5, no.157). It was Scheduled in 1977. It was photographed from the air by RCAHMS in 2006.

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1878):   Named in Gothic type on the 1st edition OS 25-inch map (Argyll and Bute 1881, sheet 209.9)
Other (1934):   Description (Childe 1935, 83, 84)
Other (1942):   Description by Angus Graham and Gordon Childe for the RCAHMS wartime Emergency Surveys
Geophysical Survey (1961):   Early resistivity survey (Carter 1961)
Other (1977):   Scheduled
Earthwork Survey (1979):   Plan and description (RCAHMS 1984, 94-5, no.157; RCAHMS DC163-4 )
Other (2007):   Visited by the Hill-Fort Study Group

Interior Features

Cultivated in rigs and otherwise featureless

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

Nothing found in early resistivity survey (Carter 1961)

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
1:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (North east):   in the outer enclosure

Enclosing Works

Three roughly concentric ramparts and ditches forming tiers stepping down the flanks of the ridge on the NE, NW and SW

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.01ha.
Total:   0.01ha.

Total Footprint Area:  0.45ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✓   The outer enclosure was possibly a freestanding defence in its own right of 0.18ha

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   2
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   3
NW Quadrant:   2
Total:   3

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   None

Number of Ditches:  2

Annex:
✗   The inner and outer enclosures are not strictly concentric and the outer might thus be regarded as an annexe.

References

Carter, W I (1961) 'Neriby', Disc Exc Scot 1961, 23-4

Childe, V G (1935) 'Notes on some duns in Islay'. Proc Soc Antiq Scot 69 (1934-5), 81-4

RCAHMS (1984) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland. Argyll: an inventory of the monuments volume 5: Islay, Jura, Colonsay and Oronsay. HMSO: Edinburgh



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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