Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC2164 Colonsay, Dun Cholla, Argyll

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  The West of Scotland Archaeology Service 2482 (None)

NMR:  NR 39 SE 12 (37885)

SM:  5971

NGR:  NR 3777 9152

X:  137770  Y:  691520  (OSGB36)

Summary

This fort occupies a strong position with precipitous rock faces on the S and W and measures about 54m from ENE to WSW by 25m transversely (0.13ha) within a single stone wall. At the more accessible ENE end, to either side of the entrance, the wall is up to 6m in thickness, with an outer face of large blocks standing 1.25m high in four courses, but elsewhere around the margin of the summit it is no more than 2.5m thick. The entrance has evidently been modified, and an original plan in which it was 1.8m in width at the outer end, with checks 1.8m from the outer face, has been reduced to a width of 1.4m, with a new check 2.9m from the outer face. This reconstruction possibly accounts for the medial wall face visible in the thickness of the wall to the SE of the entrance, though equally this may belong to some internal structure of the wall, to which end on the NW the outer face is founded on a built platform. The footings of two later enclosures and a length of wall can be seen within the interior.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -691559  Y:  7567291  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -6.212376624900859  Latitude:  56.044557844169226  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Argyll & Bute

Historic County:  Argyll

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Colonsay And Oronsay

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  67.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

In the absence of excavation, there are neither stratified artefacts nor radiocarbon dates to provide a chronology for the defences.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   Two later enclosures within the interior

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

Named with a cross on the 1st edition OS 6-inch map (Argyll and Bute 1881, sheet 155), the fort was visited by Stuart and Margaret Piggott in 1944 (Piggott and Piggott 1946, 90-2, fig 5), and was surveyed by the OS at 1:2500 in 1974. It was surveyed by RCAHMS in 1976 for the County Inventory of Argyll (RCAHMS 1984, 89, no.147). It was Scheduled in 1994. It was photographed from the air by RCAHMS in 1979.

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1878):   Named in Gothic type on the 1st edition OS 6-inch map (Argyll and Bute 1881, sheet 155)
Earthwork Survey (1944):   Stuart and Margaret Piggott (Piggott and Piggott 1946, 90-2, fig 5)
Other (1974):   Surveyed at 1:2500 by the OS
Earthwork Survey (1976):   Plan and description (RCAHMS 1984, 89, no.147; RCAHMS DC144-6)
Other (1994):   Scheduled

Interior Features

Featureless apart from two later enclosures and a length of wall

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

Two later enclosures

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

Two later enclosures

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
1:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Passage-way/Corridor (North east):   Checked passage

Enclosing Works

Single wall

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.13ha.
Total:   0.13ha.

Total Footprint Area:  0.19ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✓   Multiperiod construction of the entrance

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   1
Total:   1

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   None

Number of Ditches:  None

Annex:
✗   None

References

Feachem, R (1963) A guide to prehistoric Scotland. Batsford: London (p 115)

Piggott and Piggott, S and C M (1946) 'Field work on Colonsay and Islay, 1944-45'. Proc Soc Antiq Scot 80 (1945-6), 83-103

RCAHMS (1984) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland. Argyll: an inventory of the monuments volume 5: Islay, Jura, Colonsay and Oronsay. HMSO: Edinburgh



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


Document Version 1.1