Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC2166 Colonsay, Dun Gallain, Argyll

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  The West of Scotland Archaeology Service 2572 (None)

NMR:  NR 39 SW 1 (37978)

SM:  5969

NGR:  NR 3486 9314

X:  134860  Y:  693140  (OSGB36)

Summary

This fort occupies the summit of a coastal headland. Oval on plan, it measures 30m from NE to SW by 20m transversely within a wall 3m in thickness; a long stretch of the outer face is visible around the E and S, in places standing 0.7m high in five courses. A medial wall-face within the thickness of the wall on the E possibly indicates multiperiod construction. The entrance is on the NE, opening onto a terrace on the cliff-edge, which has also been utilised for the entrance through an outer wall that extend from the cliff here round the E and S to the cliffs on the W; Of slighter construction it also retains several runs of outer facing-stones.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -696923  Y:  7569865  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -6.2605625468968595  Latitude:  56.057471184860795  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Argyll & Bute

Historic County:  Argyll

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Colonsay And Oronsay

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  35.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

In the absence of excavation, there are neither stratified artefacts nor radiocarbon dates to provide a chronology for the defences.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

First depicted in 1878 on the 1st edition OS 6-inch map (Argyll and Bute 1881, sheet 155), it was visited in the late 19th century by Christian MacLagan, who drew up an undated sketch plan (RCAHMS DC52968, SAS467). Stuart and Margaret Piggott visited in 1944 (Piggott and Piggott 1946, 90), and the OS in 1974. In 1976 it was surveyed by RCAHMS for the County Inventory for Argyll (RCAHMS 1984, 90-1, no.150). It was Scheduled in 1994.

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1878):   Named in Gothic type on the 1st edition OS 6-inch map (Argyll and Bute 1881, sheet 155)
Other (1944):   Description by Stuart and Margaret Clifford (Piggott and Piggott 1946, 90)
Other (1974):   Surveyed at 1:10.000 by the OS
Earthwork Survey (1976):   Plan and description (RCAHMS 1984, 90-1, no.150; RCAHMS DC151-2)
Other (1994):   Scheduled

Interior Features

Featureless

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
1:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (North east):   None

Enclosing Works

One continuous inner wall with an outlying wall on the E and S

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.05ha.
Total:   0.05ha.

Total Footprint Area:  0.12ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✓   Medial wall face visible

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   2
SE Quadrant:   2
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   1
Total:   2

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   None

Number of Ditches:  None

Annex:
✗   None

References

Piggott and Piggott, S and C M (1946) 'Field work on Colonsay and Islay, 1944-45'. Proc Soc Antiq Scot 80 (1945-6), 83-103

RCAHMS (1984) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland. Argyll: an inventory of the monuments volume 5: Islay, Jura, Colonsay and Oronsay. HMSO: Edinburgh



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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