Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC2168 Islay, Lagavulin, Barr An T-Seann Duine, Argyll

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  The West of Scotland Archaeology Service 2595 (None)

NMR:  NR 44 NW 23 (38001)

SM:  None

NGR:  NR 4017 4534

X:  140170  Y:  645340  (OSGB36)

Summary

This fort occupies the rocky headland on the W side of Lagavulin Bay. Irregular on plan, the wall is best preserved where it blocks the deep gullies that pierce the outcrops, probably originally measuring about 2.5m in thickness, and in one gully on the NE still standing 1.1m high in five courses with pinnings. In another gully on the NW it is rather thicker and there is also evidence of a medial wall-face within the thickness of the wall. The interior measures up to 92m from E to W by 55m transversely (0.37ha), and the entrance is probably in a gully on the N. Apart from the marker cairn on the summit, there are traces of later cultivation plots and lengths of wall within the interior, but there is also a robbed circular structure measuring some 12m in internal diameter.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -682364  Y:  7485508  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -6.12977839942861  Latitude:  55.63202339324422  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Argyll & Bute

Historic County:  Argyll

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Kildalton And Oa

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  15.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

In the absence of excavation, there are neither stratified artefacts nor radiocarbon dates to provide a chronology for the defences.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   Overlain by later walls and cultivation plots, and a marker cairn, and probably by a circular enclosure

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

First discovered by Frank Newall (Newall 1963), it was surveyed by the OS at 1:2500 in 1979, and in the same year surveyed by RCAHMS for the County Inventory of Argyll (RCAHMS 1984, 77, no.130).

Investigations:
1st Identified Written Reference (1963):   Discovered by Frank Newall (1963)
1st Identified Map Depiction (1979):   Surveyed at 1:2500 by the OS
Earthwork Survey (1979):   Plan and description (RCAHMS 1984, 77, no.130; RCAHMS DC109-10)
Other (2007):   Visited by the Hill-Fort Study Group

Interior Features

Apart from a modern marker cairn, there is a robbed circular structure about 12m in internal diameter within the interior and several lengths of more recent walling.

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

Robbed circular structure 12m in internal diameter

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
1:   Gaps in the line of the wall all round the circuit

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   No structural remains, but probably on the N

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (North):   Utilises a gully in the outcrops

Enclosing Works

Single wall intermittently visible between the outcrops around the margins of the summit of this rocky headland

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.37ha.
Total:   0.37ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   The medial wall-face visible within the thickness of the wall in a gully on the NW possibly indicates multiperiod construction rather than an internal structure to help stabilise the wall

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   1
Total:   1

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   None

Number of Ditches:  None

Annex:
✗   None

References

Newall, F (1963) 'Forts and enclosures', Discovery Excav Scot 1963, 16

RCAHMS (1984) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland. Argyll: an inventory of the monuments volume 5: Islay, Jura, Colonsay and Oronsay. HMSO: Edinburgh



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


Document Version 1.1