Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC2511 Mull, Dun na Muirgheidh, Argyll (Dun na Muirheidh; Kilpatrick)

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  The West of Scotland Archaeology Service 479 (None)

NMR:  NM 42 SW 2 (22003)

SM:  10627

NGR:  NM 4127 2363

X:  141270  Y:  723630  (OSGB36)

Summary

This small fortification occupies a low promontory, its defences comprising up to four walls blocking access from the S. The seaward end of the promontory terminates in a summit girt with cliffs about 10m high, which makes up the inner core of the fort and measures about 30m from NW to SE by 21m transversely within a thick wall that can be traced along its landward side and onto the NE and SW flanks. This wall is up to 5.2m in thickness adjacent to the entrance on the SSE and retains long stretches of its outer face, in places standing 1.5m high in seven courses. The entrance displays two phases of construction, in its original form expanding from 2.3m wide to 2.7m at a check with a bar-hole set 2.7m back from the outer end of the passage; this was reduced subsequently to 1.2m and 1.5m respectively by the insertion of a block of masonry on the E side of the passage. The second wall extends along the leading edge of a terrace below the line of the inner and includes an entrance that has been blocked, while the third and a short fragment of a fourth extend across the level ground that forms the neck of the promontory. The only features within the interior are two sub-rectangular buildings which, together with others lying outside the defences, have been compared with those found at several late medieval castles (RCAHMS 1980, 80-3, no.143, fig 68).

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -688802  Y:  7625233  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -6.1876174000754744  Latitude:  56.33419119897485  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Argyll & Bute

Historic County:  Argyll

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Kilfinichen And Kilvickeon

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  10.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

In the absence of excavation, there are neither stratified artefacts nor radiocarbon dates to provide a chronology for the defences.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   Medieval or post medieval occupation, which may have adapted elements of the defences.

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

Scheduled 2003

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1875):   Named in Gothic type on the 1st edition OS 25-inch map (Argyll and Bute 1881, sheet 106.13)
Other (1943):   Description by Angus Graham and Gordon Childe for RCAHMS wartime Emergency Surveys (RCAHMS MS 401/1)
Earthwork Survey (1959):   Plan (RCAHMS AGD 630/1-3)
Other (1972):   Surveyed at 1:2500 by the OS
Earthwork Survey (1973):   Plan and description, reworking earlier plan (RCAHMS 1980, 80-3, no.143, fig 68)
Other (2003):   Scheduled
Other (2011):   Description of the later buildings by Pennyghael in the Past Historical Archive (2011)

Interior Features

Occupied by later rectangular buildings

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

None

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
1:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (South east):   Inner wall, two phases of construction
1. Blocked (South east):   Middle wall, subsequently blocked

Enclosing Works

Up to four walls cutting off a promontory

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.04ha.
Total:   0.04ha.

Total Footprint Area:  0.12ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✗   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   4
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   0
Total:   4

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   None

Number of Ditches:  None

Annex:
✗   None

References

Pennyghael in the Past Historical Archive (2011) 'Dun na Muirgheidh, Kilpatrick, Argyll and Bute (Kilfinichen and Kilvkeon parish), measured survey'. Disc Exc Scot, New ser 12 (2011), 38

RCAHMS (1980) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland. Argyll: an inventory of the monuments volume 3: Mull, Tiree, Coll and Northern Argyll (excluding the early medieval and later monuments of Iona). HMSO: Edinburgh



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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