Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC2514 Mull, Dun Ara, Argyll (Dunara; Dun Ara Castle)

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  The West of Scotland Archaeology Service 544 (None)

NMR:  NM 45 NW 1 (22069)

SM:  10679

NGR:  NM 4271 5771

X:  142710  Y:  757710  (OSGB36)

Summary

The castle of Dun Ara, which occupies a ridge of outcrop close to the shore on the N coast of Mull, possibly stands on the site of an earlier fort, the defences of which may survive in places in the lower courses of the curtain enclosing the summit (RCAHMS 1980, 200, no.340). If so it would have measured up to 45m from NW to SE by 15m transversely (0.04ha), and was probably likewise served by the entrance via a narrow cleft on the E. Apart from the curtain, four rectangular buildings with rounded corners are visible on the summit, the largest of which is thought to be a hall house.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Unconfirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Unconfirmed

Location

X:  -689962  Y:  7686960  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -6.198032066830938  Latitude:  56.640339756231114  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Argyll & Bute

Historic County:  Argyll

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Kilninian And Kilmore

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  15.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

In the absence of excavation, there are neither stratified artefacts nor radiocarbon dates to provide a chronology for the defences.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   Overlain by castle

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

The RCAHMS collection also contains a range of photographs, including aerial photographs taken by RCAHMS Aerial Survey Programme in 2007 and 2009

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1877):   Named in Gothic type on the 1st edition OS 25-inch map (Argyll and Bute 1881, 38.5)
Other (1934):   Visited by Gordon Childe
Other (1942):   Description by Angus Graham and Gordon Childe for the RCAHMS wartime Emergency Surveys
Other (1959):   Visited by RW Feachem, suggesting two periods (RCAHMS MS 36/183)
Other (1960):   Description by Horace Fairhurst (1960)
Other (1964):   Visit (Miller and Kirkhope 1964)
Other (1972):   Surveyed at 1:10,000 by the OS
Earthwork Survey (1973):   Plan and description (RCAHMS 1980, 200, no.340; RCAHMS AGD 113/2-5)
Other (2003):   Scheduled

Interior Features

Occupied by castle

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
0:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   Probably on the E

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:No related records

Enclosing Works

Single wall, but no certain remains

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.04ha.
Total:   0.04ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✗   No certain remains

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   0
SE Quadrant:   0
SW Quadrant:   0
NW Quadrant:   0
Total:   0

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   None

Number of Ditches:  None

Annex:
✗   None

References

Fairhurst, H (1960) 'Dunara', Disc Exc Scot 1960, 22

Millar and Kirkhope, H B and J (1964j) 'Dunara'. Disc Exc Scot 1964, 10-11

RCAHMS (1980) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland. Argyll: an inventory of the monuments volume 3: Mull, Tiree, Coll and Northern Argyll (excluding the early medieval and later monuments of Iona). HMSO: Edinburgh



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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