Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC2529 Caisteal Nan Con, Argyll (Killundine Castle)

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  Highland HER MHG262 (None)

NMR:  NM 54 NE 3 (22258)

SM:  6286

NGR:  NM 5839 4864

X:  158390  Y:  748640  (OSGB36)

Summary

This fort is situated on the rocky hillock that forms the seaward end of a promontory on the SW side of a shallow bay, and is also the site of a ruined 17th century tower-house, which occupies the NE side of the interior. Irregular on plan, the interior measures about 50m from ESE to WNW by 20m transversely within a wall largely reduced to a thin band of rubble with a few runs of outer face. This can be traced round the lip of the summit and beneath the foundations of the NE wall of the tower-house, and there is an entrance on the NW, where two large blocks set 1.8m apart form the outer jambs. Apart from the tower-house, and a relatively recent mound of debris on the S, the interior is featureless. In addition to the inner defence around the summit of the hillock, there is also a wall incorporating massive boulders in its face cutting across the low-lying neck of the promontory on the NW and returning along the NE flank where the shore of the bay dries out at low water. Its entrance probably also lies on the NW, adjacent to a relatively recent rectangular enclosure built across the line of the wall.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -660628  Y:  7672208  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -5.93452262665144  Latitude:  56.56739995681793  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Highland

Historic County:  Argyll

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Morvern

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  10.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

In the absence of excavation, there are neither stratified artefacts nor radiocarbon dates to provide a chronology for the defences.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   Overlain by tower-house and a mound of debris

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

While the tower-house is long known, including a photograph by George Washington Wilson, the underlying fort is first noted in 1943.

Investigations:
1st Identified Written Reference (1943):   Visited by Angus Graham and Gordon Childe for RCAHMS wartime Emergency Surveys (RCAHMS MS 401/1)
1st Identified Map Depiction (1970):   Surveyed at 1:10,000 by the OS
Earthwork Survey (1974):   Plan and description (RCAHMS 1980, 72-3, no.124, fig 51; RCAHMS AGD 616/1-2)
Other (1995):   Scheduled

Interior Features

Featureless

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

Tower-house

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
1:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (North west):   probably on the axis with an entrance in the outer wall

Enclosing Works

Single wall round the summit and a lesser outer wall cutting off the promontory

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.08ha.
Total:   0.08ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   2
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   2
Total:   2

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   None

Number of Ditches:  None

Annex:
✗   None

References

RCAHMS (1980) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland. Argyll: an inventory of the monuments volume 3: Mull, Tiree, Coll and Northern Argyll (excluding the early medieval and later monuments of Iona). HMSO: Edinburgh



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


Document Version 1.1