Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC2541 Eilean An Duin, Craignish, Argyll

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  The West of Scotland Archaeology Service 775 (None)

NMR:  NM 70 NE 1 (22536)

SM:  None

NGR:  NM 7926 0796

X:  179260  Y:  707960  (OSGB36)

Summary

Occupying a knoll that forms the NE end of a small island that has been incorporated into the breakwater of Craobh Haven Marina, in 1983 the N and W flanks of this fort were destroyed during the construction of a causeway linking the island to the mainland. Roughly pear-shaped on plan beforehand, it measured 53m in length and tapered from 28m in breadth at the E end to some 13m at the W end (0.1ha) within a wall up to 4.5m thick. In the event, the wall survives only on the E and S, and the best preserved sectors of the outer face, which stood 1.1m high in six courses on the NNE, were removed; other short runs are visible around the E end, and there is a lump of vitrified stone in the wall on the S, where the wall takes in a shoulder of the knoll to form a re-entrant which is also the most likely position for the entrance. Apart from a small stone-founded hut thought by RCAHMS investigators to have been of relatively recent date, but now destroyed, the interior is featureless. Salvage excavations, however revealed evidence of occupation within the interior, and two radiocarbon sampes from beneath the wall returned dates in the second half of the 1st millennium BC (Nieke and Boyd 1987).

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -619085  Y:  7600917  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -5.561335174894712  Latitude:  56.21290773310273  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Argyll & Bute

Historic County:  Argyll

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Craignish

Monument Condition

Up to one third of the fort has been destroyed

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  20.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

Two radiocarbon dates from samples thought to have been sealed beneath the wall, and thus indicating a terminus post quem.

Reliability:  C - Low

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:
C14:   None

Investigation History

Large archive of photographs in the RCAHMS collection, including aerial views taken by RCAHMS Aerial Survey Programme in 1987 and more recently in 2006

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1871):   Annotated Fort on the 1st edition OS 25-inch map (Argyll and Bute 1875, sheet 130.13)
Earthwork Survey (1888):   Sketch-plan and description by David Christison (1889, 419-20, fig 43)
Other (1963):   Visited sometime 1954-63 (Campbell and Sandeman 1962, )
Other (1970):   Visited by the OS
Earthwork Survey (1978):   Plan (RCAHMS DC13309)
Excavation (1983):   Salvage (Niek 1985; Nieke and Boyd 1987)
Other (1984):   Description (RCAHMS 1988, 166, no.258; RCAHMS DC13310)

Interior Features

Featureless apart from a later stone-founded hut

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

Later stone founded hut

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

deposits and single possible post-hole

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
0:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   Not visible

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:No related records

Enclosing Works

Single wall

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.1ha.
Total:   0.1ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   1
Total:   1

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   None

Number of Ditches:  None

Annex:
✗   None

References

Campbell and Sandeman, M and M (1962) 'Mid Argyll: an archaeological survey', Proc Soc Antiq Scot 95 (1961-2), 1-125

Christison, D (1889) The duns and forts of Lorne, Nether Lochaber, and the neighbourhood'. Proc Soc Antiq Scot 23 (1888-9), 368-432

Nicke, M R (1985) 'Eilean An Duin'. Disc Exc Scot 1985, 34-5

Nieke and Boyd, M R and W E (1987) 'Eilean an Duin, Criagnish, Mid-Argyll'. Glasgow Archaeol J 14 (1987), 48-57

RCAHMS (1988) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland. Argyll: an inventory of the monuments volume 6: Mid-Argyll and Cowal, prehistoric and early historic monuments. HMSO: Edinburgh



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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