Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC2865 Torr Dhuin, Inverness-shire (Auchteraw)

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  Highland HER MHG44720 (None)

NMR:  NH 30 NW 1 (12212)

SM:  794

NGR:  NH 3487 0695

X:  234870  Y:  806950  (OSGB36)

Summary

Occupying a rocky knoll above a precipitous crag that falls away abruptly into the valley of the River Oich on the E, this small fortification displays three roughly concentric lines of defence. The inner encloses the very summit of the knoll and measures 19m from NNE to SSW by about 10m transversely (0.02ha) within a heavily-vitrified wall reduced to a mound of rubble in excess of 3.5m in thickness where it is best preserved on the N and W flanks. The entrance is not visible, though probably on the SW and the only feature that can be seen within the heavily overgrown interior is an old excavation trench transecting the northern end. The second line of defence is a wall that extends around the shoulder of the summit area to enclose a larger area measuring about 38m along the same axis by a maximum of 18m transversely (0.06ha). Though reduced to a scarp everywhere except the N, in 1974 the OS surveyors were still able to trace the line of the outer face discontinuously round the whole circuit, but the only vitrified stones visible appeared to have tumbled from the innermost wall above. The entrance is on the SW, where a gully drops down the slope to the rear of the third line, yet another wall, extending around the foot of the knoll on the NW and S. Again, the OS observed a run of the inner face and a few outer facing-stones on the NW; here this third wall is about 1.7m in thickness, possibly increasing to about 3m adjacent to the entrance on the S. The sequence of construction is uncertain, though on the grounds that the middle wall seemed to be more heavily reduced than the inner, and that none of the pieces of vitrified stone they found on the lower walls appeared to be in situ, the OS were of the opinion that the inner enclosure on the summit had been inserted into an earlier fort.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -526470  Y:  7785463  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -4.72936125873665  Latitude:  57.12379324489476  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Highland

Historic County:  Inverness-shire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Boleskine And Abertarf

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

Clearing in plantation

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  90.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

In the absence of excavation, there are neither stratified artefacts nor radiocarbon dates to provide a chronology for the defences.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   Possibly a dun inserted into the interior

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

None

Investigations:
1st Identified Written Reference (1769):   Noted by Thomas Pennant (1772, 184)
1st Identified Map Depiction (1871):   Annotated Vitrified Fort on the 1st edition OS 25-inch map (Inverness-shire 1873, sheet 83.1)
Other (1915):   Description (Ross 1915, 23-7)
Earthwork Survey (1921):   Description and plan (Wallace 1921, 106-7)
Other (1957):   Description for RCAHMS Survey of Marginal Lands (Feachem 1963, 181)
Other (1969):   Scheduled
Other (1970):   Visited by the OS
Other (1974):   Visited by the OS
Other (1979):   Revised at 1:10,000 by the OS
Earthwork Survey (2010):   Plan and description under dense bracken by Headland Archaeology (2011, 5-6 and fig 16)

Interior Features

Occupied by the dun on the summit

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
2:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   Excludes innermost enclosure

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (South west):   Through middle wall (inner fort defence)
1. Simple Gap (South):   Outermost wall

Enclosing Works

Vitrified dun on the summit with two walls belonging to the hypothetically earlier fort

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.02ha.
Area 2:   0.06ha.
Total:   0.06ha.

Total Footprint Area:  0.3ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   2
SE Quadrant:   2
SW Quadrant:   3
NW Quadrant:   3
Total:   3

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

In situ vitrifaction has only been observed in the dun wall, htough small bits have fallen down the slope and come to rest on the outer lines

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   None

Number of Ditches:  None

Annex:
✗   None

References

Cotton, M A (1954) 'British camps with timber-laced ramparts'. Archaeol J 111 (1954), 26-105 (p 78)

Feachem, R (1963) A guide to prehistoric Scotland. Batsford: London

Headland Archaeology Ltd (2011) A Topographic Survey of Five Pictish Forts in the Highlands. Report to the Forestry Commission

Pennant, T A (1772), A Tour in Scotland MDCCLXIX (2nd ed). R White: London

Ross, A (1915) 'Dun-Dhearduil and Tor-Duin hill forts'. Trans Inverness Sci Soc Fld Club 7, 23-7

Wallace, T (1921) 'Archaeological notes'. Trans Inverness Sci Soc Fld Club 8, 106-7



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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