Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC2886 Dun Mor, Cabrich, Inverness-shire

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  Highland HER MHG3411 (None)

NMR:  NH 54 SW 10 (12734)

SM:  2423

NGR:  NH 5343 4290

X:  253430  Y:  842900  (OSGB36)

Summary

This fort comprises two main elements: an upper enclosure occupying the summit of the NE spur of Phoineas Hill; and a lower enclosure extending down its sloping spine to the NE. The position is a strong one, girt with crags around the S flank of the summit and down the NE flank, and elsewhere with steep rocky slopes. The upper enclosure follows the irregular contour of the summit, describing an irregular oval with a deep re-entrant in its NW side and measures internally about 56m from NE to SW by 27m transversely (0.11ha). Its wall is heavily denuded, but short runs of the outer face are visible around the circuit and several vitrified masses have been observed in its core. The entrance is on the E, but the line of approach up the spur from the NE is also blocked by an outer defence comprising two low banks with a shallow medial ditch. As planned by RCAHMS investigators in 1957, on the SE this outwork interrupts the perimeter of the lower enclosure, which they traced along the edge of the crag over a distance of 140m, returning along the crest of slope on the opposing flank to take in a rough and uneven area measuring about 140m in length by 40m in breadth (0.5ha). Described at the time as little more than occasional stones and blocks, subsequent investigators from both the RCAHMS and the OS have struggled to find any trace of this enclosure in the dense bracken and scrub beneath an open birch canopy, and it is also omitted from the Scheduled area, but it was also identified in the early 20th century by T Wallace (1918, 95-7) and its existence should perhaps be given the benefit of the doubt. Whether the remains of a large annexe to the relatively small summit enclosure, or perhaps an earlier fort that once enclosed the whole summit and spur, an area measuring 180m from NE to SW by up to 40m transversely (0.6ha), can only be demonstrated by further fieldwork; in 1957 the RCAHMS investigators preferred the latter interpretation.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -494750  Y:  7853222  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -4.444416124026108  Latitude:  57.45273443888676  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Highland

Historic County:  Inverness-shire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Kiltarlity And Convinth

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  150.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

In the absence of excavation, there are neither stratified artefacts nor radiocarbon dates to provide a chronology for the defences.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   Planted with trees

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

None

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1872):   Named in Gothic type on the 1st edition OS 25-inch map (Inverness-shire 1876, sheet 10.12)
Earthwork Survey (1913):   Plan and description (Wallace 1918)
Other (1943):   Description by Angus Graham and Gordon Childe for RCAHMS wartime Emergency Surveys
Earthwork Survey (1957):   Plan and description for RCAHMS Survey of Marginal Lands (RCAHMS IND 92/1-2; Feachem 1963, 126)
Other (1964):   Scheduled
Other (1965):   Resurveyed at 1:2500 by the OS
Other (1970):   Visited by the OS
Other (1979):   Visited by RCAHMS

Interior Features

Featureless apart from a damp patch at the foot of a rock-outcrop that is possibly a well or spring

Water Source

Damp patch possibly marking a well or spring

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
1:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   The relationship between the inner and outer enclosures is unknown

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (East):   In summit enclosure
2. Simple Gap (East):   In outwork

Enclosing Works

Single vitrified wall around summit, with twin ramparts with a medial ditch barring the approach from the NE, and traces of what may be an earlier enclosure or annexe extending down the spur.

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.11ha.
Area 2:   0.6ha.
Total:   0.6ha.

Total Footprint Area:  0.6ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   3
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   1
Total:   3

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   Outwork to the upper enclosure

Number of Ditches:  1

Annex:
✓   Unknown whether this is an annexe of about 0.5ha extending down the NE spur or the remains of a larger fort taking in the spur and summit.

References

Feachem, R (1963) A guide to prehistoric Scotland. Batsford: London

Wallace, T (1918) 'Notes on the parish of Petty'. Trans Inverness Sci Soc Fld Club 8 (1912-18), 87-136



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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