HER:  Moray per Aberdeenshire Council NJ46SE0002 (None)
NMR:  NJ 46 SE 2 (17421)
SM:  11042
NGR:  NJ 4983 6436
X:  349830  Y:  864360  (OSGB36)
This fortification is situated on a hillock above the SE bank of the Glen Burn 2km SSW of Cullen House. Little information has been recorded, and while its form seems akin to a motte, and it is listed as such by Peter Yeoman (1988, 131, 132 no.26), it is annotated 'Fort' on OS maps and has been Scheduled as a fort as recently as 2004. Oval on plan, it measures some 50m from E to W by 30m transversely (0.12ha) within a ditch with an external rampart; the ditch is 5m in breadth and its bottom lies 2m below the crest of the hillock. No entrance is visible and gaps in the ditch and rampart on the E and W are the result of quarrying. If this is indeed a motte, its size indicates that it is a major castle, and its origins should perhaps be sought in the documentation of Cullen House, the tower-house that preceded it and the mention of Inverculain in 1264 (see Canmore NJ56NW 6).
Citizen Science:  ✗
Reliability of Data:  Unconfirmed
Reliability of Interpretation:  Unconfirmed
X:  -316437  Y:  7897561  (EPSG: 3857)
Longitude:  -2.84260598072302  Latitude:  57.66639109005947  (EPSG:4326)
Country:  Scotland
Current County or Unitary Authority:  Moray
Historic County:  Banffshire
Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Rathven
None
Extant   | ✓ |
Cropmark   | ✗ |
Likely Destroyed   | ✗ |
None
Woodland   | ✗ |
Commercial Forestry Plantation   | ✓ |
Parkland   | ✗ |
Pasture (Grazing)   | ✗ |
Arable   | ✗ |
Scrub/Bracken   | ✗ |
Bare Outcrop   | ✗ |
Heather/Moorland   | ✗ |
Heath   | ✗ |
Built-up   | ✗ |
Coastal Grassland   | ✗ |
Other   | ✗ |
None
Contour Fort   | ✓ |
Partial Contour Fort   | ✗ |
Promontory Fort   | ✗ |
Hillslope Fort   | ✗ |
Level Terrain Fort   | ✗ |
Marsh Fort   | ✗ |
Multiple Enclosure Fort   | ✗ |
Hilltop   | ✗ |
Coastal Promontory   | ✗ |
Inland Promontory   | ✗ |
Valley Bottom   | ✗ |
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop   | ✓ |
Ridge   | ✗ |
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp   | ✗ |
Hillslope   | ✗ |
Lowland   | ✗ |
Spur   | ✗ |
Dominant Topographic Feature:  None
North   | ✗ |
Northeast   | ✗ |
East   | ✗ |
Southeast   | ✗ |
South   | ✗ |
Southwest   | ✗ |
West   | ✗ |
Northwest   | ✗ |
Level   | ✓ |
Altitude:  108.0m
N/A
No reliable information, but the form of the earthwork seems to suggest an earth and timber castle.
Reliability:  D - None
Pre 1200BC   | ✗ |
1200BC - 800BC   | ✗ |
800BC - 400BC   | ✗ |
400BC - AD50   | ✗ |
AD50 - AD400   | ✗ |
AD400 - AD 800   | ✗ |
Post AD800   | ✓ |
Unknown   | ✓ |
Pre Hillfort:   | None |
Post Hillfort:   | None |
Morphology/Earthwork/Typology:   | Motte-like |
None
1st Identified Map Depiction (1867):   | Named in Gothic type and annotated Fosse on the ist edition OS 25-inch map (Banffshire 1871, sheet 2.2) |
Other (1967):   | Surveyed at 1:2500 by the OS |
Other (2004):   | Scheduled |
Earthwork Survey (2006):   | Topographic survey and profiles (Irving and Anderson 2006) |
Featureless
None
None   | ✓ |
Spring   | ✗ |
Stream   | ✗ |
Pool   | ✗ |
Flush   | ✗ |
Well   | ✗ |
Other   | ✗ |
None
No Known Features   | ✓ |
Round Stone Structures   | ✗ |
Rectangular Stone Structures   | ✗ |
Curvilinear Platforms   | ✗ |
Other Roundhouse Evidence   | ✗ |
Pits   | ✗ |
Quarry Hollows   | ✗ |
Other   | ✗ |
None
No Known Excavation   | ✓ |
Pits   | ✗ |
Postholes   | ✗ |
Roundhouses   | ✗ |
Rectangular Structures   | ✗ |
Roads/Tracks   | ✗ |
Quarry Hollows   | ✗ |
Other   | ✗ |
Nothing Found   | ✗ |
None
No Known Geophysics   | ✓ |
Pits   | ✗ |
Roundhouses   | ✗ |
Rectangular Structures   | ✗ |
Roads/Tracks   | ✗ |
Quarry Hollows   | ✗ |
Other   | ✗ |
Nothing Found   | ✗ |
None
No Known Finds   | ✓ |
Pottery   | ✗ |
Metal   | ✗ |
Metalworking   | ✗ |
Human Bones   | ✗ |
Animal Bones   | ✗ |
Lithics   | ✗ |
Environmental   | ✗ |
Other   | ✗ |
Under dense trees
APs Not Checked   | ✗ |
None   | ✓ |
Roundhouses   | ✗ |
Rectangular Structures   | ✗ |
Pits   | ✗ |
Postholes   | ✗ |
Roads/Tracks   | ✗ |
Other   | ✗ |
None known
0:   | None |
2:   | Not known |
Guard Chambers:  ✗
Chevaux de Frise:  ✗
Ditch and counterscarp rampart encircling hillock
Area 1:   | 0.11ha. |
Total:   | 0.11ha. |
Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.
None
✗   | None |
✓   | None |
NE Quadrant:   | 1 |
SE Quadrant:   | 1 |
SW Quadrant:   | 1 |
NW Quadrant:   | 1 |
Total:   | 1 |
Partial Univallate   | ✗ |
Univallate   | ✓ |
Partial Bivallate   | ✗ |
Bivallate   | ✗ |
Partial Multivallate   | ✗ |
Multivallate   | ✗ |
Unknown   | ✗ |
Partial Univallate   | ✗ |
Univallate   | ✗ |
Partial Bivallate   | ✗ |
Bivallate   | ✗ |
Partial Multivallate   | ✗ |
Multivallate   | ✗ |
None
None   | ✗ |
Earthen Bank   | ✓ |
Stone Wall   | ✗ |
Rubble   | ✗ |
Wall-walk   | ✗ |
Evidence of Timber   | ✗ |
Vitrification   | ✗ |
Other Burning   | ✗ |
Palisade   | ✗ |
Counter Scarp Bank   | ✗ |
Berm   | ✗ |
Unfinished   | ✗ |
Other   | ✗ |
None
None   | ✗ |
Earthen Bank   | ✗ |
Stone Wall   | ✗ |
Murus Duplex   | ✗ |
Timber-framed   | ✗ |
Timber-laced   | ✗ |
Vitrification   | ✗ |
Other Burning   | ✗ |
Palisade   | ✗ |
Counter Scarp Bank   | ✗ |
Berm   | ✗ |
Unfinished   | ✗ |
No Known Excavation   | ✓ |
Other   | ✗ |
✗   | None |
✓   | None |
Number of Ditches:  1
✗   | None |
Irving and Anderson, D and D (2006) 'Davie's Castle Fort, Moray (Rathven parish), hillfort'. Disc Exc Scot, New Ser, 7 (2006)
Name Book, Ordnance Survey Object Name Books (6 inch and 1/2500 scale); available https://www.scotlandsplaces.gov.uk/
Yeoman, P A (1988f) 'Mottes in Northeast Scotland', Scot Archaeol Rev, vol.5
Atlas of Hillforts:
Wikidata:
This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:
Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk
Document Version 1.1