Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC2967 Castle of Findon, Banffshire (Findon Castle; Castle Hill, Gardenstown; Castle Point)

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  Aberdeenshire Historic Environment Record NJ76SE0004 (None)

NMR:  NJ 76 SE 5 (19285)

SM:  2857

NGR:  NJ 7943 6424

X:  379430  Y:  864240  (OSGB36)

Summary

The Castle of Findon occupies a prominent hillock on the the E side of the gully named Kirk Den, roughly opposite the site of the old parish church and burial-ground of Gamrie. Essentially a motte, with traces of a ditch cut round the SE and NE flank immediately below the lip of the summit, and further scarping of the slope below, the OS also recorded two blocks of masonry. The OS Name Book, however, also noted vitrified stones found here, either in the robbing of a stone from the castle itself or possibly in the quarry cut into the flank of the hillock on the NW; no examples of these stones survive. If there was indeed an earlier timber-laced fortification here, the rest of the promontory descending on the seaward side of the hillock does not lend itself and its interior cannot have extended much beyond the oval summit, which before it was quarried may have measured a maximum of 43m from NE to SW by no more than 12m transversely.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Unconfirmed

Location

X:  -261205  Y:  7897822  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -2.346448276385593  Latitude:  57.66764437087372  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Aberdeenshire

Historic County:  Banffshire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Gamrie

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

Unknown what any earlier configuration of defences may have entailed

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  60.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

In the absence of excavation, there are neither stratified artefacts nor radiocarbon dates to provide a chronology for the defences.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   Occupied by a castle and subsequently quarried

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

None

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1869):   Named in Gothic type and annotated Fosse on the 1st edition OS 25-inch map (Banffshire 1871, sheet 6.9; Name Book, Banffshire, No. 14, p 150)
Other (1965):   Description and revised at 1:2500 by the OS
Other (1968):   Visited by the OS
Other (1969):   Scheduled

Interior Features

Featureless

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

None known

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
0:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   Not known

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:No related records

Enclosing Works

Not known, but possibly a timber-laced wall or rampart.

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   Noneha.
Total:   Noneha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   Extent unknown, but probably no more than 0.04ha

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✗   Extent unknown

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   0
SE Quadrant:   0
SW Quadrant:   0
NW Quadrant:   0
Total:   0

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

Vitrified stones discovered in the 19th century, but identification remains unconfirmed

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   The ditch here belongs to a motte

Number of Ditches:  None

Annex:
✗   None

References

Name Book, Ordnance Survey Object Name Books (6 inch and 1/2500 scale); available https://www.scotlandsplaces.gov.uk/



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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