Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC3011 Dun Knock, Dunning, Perthshire (Newton of Pitcairns)

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  Perth and Kinross Heritage Trust MPK2004 (None)

NMR:  NO 01 SW 18 (26688)

SM:  9434

NGR:  NO 0230 1431

X:  302309  Y:  714317  (OSGB36)

Summary

The site of a fort in the woodland on Dun Knock was first discovered in 1978, when cropmarks revealed the lines of no fewer than four ditches in the field to the NW. Subsequent fieldwork has revealed traces of the ploughed down defences in the woodland on the S, demonstrating that it is oval on plan, measuring about 105m from ENE to WSW by 45m transversely if the defences follow the contour round the summit (0.37ha). The ditches form a belt some 35m deep on the N, but may have broadened still further around the W flank of the hill, where a fifth ditch appears between the outermost and the third; on the S the ramparts and ditches are reduced to a belt of four low scarps on the slope, at the foot of which there are traces of cultivation rigs forming a series of low terraces. All four ditches on the NE are pierced by an entrance where the terminals are visible on the N side of the gap; the outer three all appear to turn slightly inwards, whereas the innermost, turns slightly outwards in the direction of the terminal of the second ditch. Evaluation trenches were excavated in 2008 and 2009 (Poller 2008; Dalglish et al 2009), revealing evidence that timber, stone and turf had been used in the construction of at least one of the outer ramparts and several pieces of vitrifaction were noted. A possible sunken-floored structure was identified within the interior, producing fragments of both pottery and daub, a few stone tools and a rotary quern, and fragments of a saddle quern were re-used in the packing of a post-hole cut through it. A large quarry has been dug through the defences on the SW, while a narrower pit has been driven into the interior from the ESE.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -398605  Y:  7620620  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -3.580725426064262  Latitude:  56.31121258400759  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Perth & Kinross

Historic County:  Perthshire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Dunning

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  95.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

Unpublished radiocarbon dates

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:
C14:   Unpublished dates

Investigation History

None

Investigations:
1st Identified Written Reference (1978):   Identified By RCAHMS aerial photography
Other (1998):   Fieldwalking recovers pieces of vitrifaction and a stone axe in the fields on the N, where a LBA socketed axe was found in 1981 (Hall 1998; Donaldson et al 2004)
Other (1998):   Limited surface survey (Lowe 1999)
Other (2001):   Scheduled
Excavation (2008):   Evaluation for Glasgow University SERF project (Poller 2008)
Excavation (2009):   Evaluation for Glasgow University SERF project Dalglish et al 2009)
Earthwork Survey (2015):   By RCAHMS

Interior Features

Ploughed flat and planted largely with trees, at least one sunken-floored structure was located by excavation.

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

Sunken-floored structure seen in an evaluation trench

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

A small assemblage of pottery, daub, a few stone tools and a rotary quern, as well as fragments of a saddle quern

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

No clear features

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
1:   Ploughed flat and the greater part of the circuit is undefined

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (North east):   Terminals of the ditches turn in slightly.

Enclosing Works

Up to five ditches known on one side

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.37ha.
Total:   0.37ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   The size of the interior is a crude estimate

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✗   Unknown

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   4
SE Quadrant:   0
SW Quadrant:   0
NW Quadrant:   5
Total:   5

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

Pieces of vitrified stone

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   None

Number of Ditches:  5

Annex:
✗   None

References

Dalglish, Lelong, MacGregor and Sneddon, C, O, G and D (2009) 'Dunknock, Perth and Kinross (Dunning parish), excavation'. Disc Exc Scot, New Ser, 10 (2009), 148-149

Dalglish, Lelong, MacGregor and Sneddon, C, O, G and D (2009) Dunknock Hillfort Excavations 2009; Data Structure Report. Glasgow University SERF Project

Donaldson, Allison and Hall, C.H, S and M.A (2004) 'Vitrified Rocks from Dun Knock hillfort, Dunning, Perth and Kinross', Tayside Fife Archaeol J 10 (2004), 65-72

Hall, M (1998) 'Dun Knock Wood hillfort (Dunning parish), Neolithic polished stone axehead; ?vitrified material'. Disc Exc Scot (1998), 75

Lowe, C (1999) 'Dun Knock (Dunning parish), pre-afforestation survey'. Disc Exc Scot (1999), 70

Poller, T (2008) 'Dun Knock Hillfort, Perth and Kinross (Dunning parish), excavation'. Disc Exc Scot, New Ser, 9 (2008), 144-145

Poller, T (2008) Dunknock Hillfort Excavations 2008; Data Structure Report. Glasgow University SERF Project



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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