Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC3074 Castle Hill, Meams, Angus

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  Angus SMR per Aberdeenshire Council NO35NE0006 (None)

NMR:  NO 35 NE 6 (32228)

SM:  4420

NGR:  NO 3615 5681

X:  336150  Y:  756810  (OSGB36)

Summary

This small fortification is situated on the precipitous ridge of outcrop that makes up the summit of Castle Hill to the WNW of Meams farm. No dimensions for the interior have been recorded, but it comprises a small inner enclosure on the very summit, which is girt with cliffs along its SSE and NNW flanks, with outlying ramparts across the spine of the ridge to block access from the ENE and WSW. Leaving aside the small inner enclosure, the interior of the fort measures about 20m in breadth and probably extends for a distance of about 90m WSW from where the upper surface of the ridge comes to a narrow point on the ENE (1.7ha). The defences at the WSW end comprise two ramparts some 14m apart, the inner of which forms a stony scarp from 1m to 3m high. The entrance is on the SW. Several small pens have been built into the rubble of the inner wall.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Unconfirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -338886  Y:  7698780  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -3.0442642540409315  Latitude:  56.698683898852686  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Angus

Historic County:  Angus

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Kirriemuir

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  295.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

In the absence of excavation, there are neither stratified artefacts nor radiocarbon dates to provide a chronology for the defences.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   Planted with trees throughout the 19th century

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

Castle Hill is named as a topographic feature in woodland on the 1st edition OS 6-inch map (Forfarshire 1865, sheet 31)

Investigations:
1st Identified Written Reference (1885):   Description (Warden 1880-85, iv, )
Other (1958):   Description by F T Wainwright
1st Identified Map Depiction (1977):   Surveyed at 1:2500 by the OS
Other (1983):   Brief description by the OS
Other (1987):   Scheduled

Interior Features

Featureless apart from the dun-like enclosure and the feature noted below

Water Source

Although no cistern is recorded, aerial photographs held by RCAHMS give the impression of a hole at the ENE end of the interior, though whether this is a cistern, a quarry pit, tree-hole or perhaps later structure is unknown.

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

Inner dun-like enclosure is possibly later

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
1:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (South west):   None

Enclosing Works

Two ramparts cutting off the WSW approach, and but for traces of a rampart at the ENE end it would take the form of a promontory enclosure

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.17ha.
Total:   0.17ha.

Total Footprint Area:  2.3ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   This is a speculative measurement based on poorly detailed aerial photographs

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✗   This omits the inner enclosure

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   0
SW Quadrant:   2
NW Quadrant:   0
Total:   2

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   None

Number of Ditches:  None

Annex:
✗   None

References

Warden, A J (1880-5) Angus or Forfarshire: the land and people, descriptive and historical (5v). Dundee



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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