Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC3166 Denork Craig, Fife

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  Fife Council None (None)

NMR:  NO 41 SE 5 (33011)

SM:  2380

NGR:  NO 4561 1370

X:  345610  Y:  713700  (OSGB36)

Summary

This fort is situated on a craggy hillock which has been quarried for rock at both the E and W ends. Roughly oval on plan, it measures about 142m from ESE to WNW by 41m transversely (0.5ha) within a heavily-robbed wall about 3.7m in thickness. Both faces are visible for a short distance on the WNW, where the outer face still stands 1m high in three courses, while the line of the outer face can be traced along parts of the S side to the W of an entrance passage that has been cut obliquely through the rocks forming the lip of the crag on the SE. What is probably a second entrance has been cut in a similar fashion through the edge of the crag on the WNW, but has been reworked with a modern flight of steps. Outcrop lies immediately below the turf across much of the interior, which is otherwise featureless. First recorded during the RCAHMS Survey of Marginal Lands, a subsequent visit by RCAHMS investigators in 2012 noted a possible outer rampart reduced to a stony bank on the slope below the wall at the E end.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -320687  Y:  7620904  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -2.880781193973795  Latitude:  56.31262338700567  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Fife

Historic County:  Fife

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Cameron

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  160.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

In the absence of excavation, there are neither stratified artefacts nor radiocarbon dates to provide a chronology for the defences.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   Quaries cut into the fort on the W and NE and steps inserted into the entrance on the WNW

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

None

Investigations:
Earthwork Survey (1952):   Plan and description by RCAHMS for Survey of Marginal Lands (RCAHMS FID 11/1 & DP 158225; Feachem 1963, 125-6)
1st Identified Written Reference (1952):   The dimensions given by Feachem (1963, 126) are at variance with those noted in the RCAHMS description by being 4.5m shorter in length and 4.5m longer in breadth. The RCAHMS measurements appear to be correct, though the investigators in 2012 mistakenly present them as overall dimensions.
Earthwork Survey (1955):   Inked plan by Richard Feachem based on RCAHMS plan (1955, 83)
1st Identified Map Depiction (1956):   Visited by the OS
Other (1964):   Visited by the OS
Other (1964):   Scheduled
Other (1974):   Revised at 1:2500 by the OS
Other (2012):   Visited by RCAHMS
Other (2013):   Re-Scheduled

Interior Features

Featureless

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
2:   Heavily robbed and eroded in several other places

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Oblique (South east):   Rock-cut passage cutting obliquely across the line of the wall to expose the visitors right side
1. Simple Gap (South east):   None
1. Hollow Way (South east):   None
2. Oblique (North west):   Rock-cut passage cutting obliquely across the line of the wall to expose the visitors right side, and containing modern steps
2. Simple Gap (North west):   None

Enclosing Works

Single wall enclosing summit area

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.5ha.
Total:   0.5ha.

Total Footprint Area:  0.7ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   1
Total:   1

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   None

Number of Ditches:  None

Annex:
✗   None

References

Feachem, R. (1963) A guide to prehistoric Scotland. Batsford: London

Feachem, R (1955) 'Fortifications'. In Wainwright, F T (ed.) (1955) The problem of the Picts, Studies in History and Archaeology. Edinburgh



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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