Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC3202 Dummiefarline, Kinross-shire

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  Perth and Kinross Heritage Trust MPK5646 (None)

NMR:  NT 09 NE 1 (49618)

SM:  None

NGR:  NT 0887 9682

X:  308873  Y:  696821  (OSGB36)

Summary

This fort occupies a rocky hillock overlooking the minor public road that traverses the Cleish Hills S of Cleish. The defences are heavily robbed, but they probably comprise two elements: a heavily robbed inner enclosue crowning the summit of the hillock; and an irregular outer enclosure taking in the terraces to either side of the summit on the E and W respectively. The rocky interior of the inner enclosure measures about 25m from E to W by 14m transversely (0.03ha) within a wall reduced to little more than a band of disturbance some 3m wide where the stones have been removed to its very foundations; in 1952 RCAHMS investigators identified three pieces of vitrified stone in the line of this wall on the N. The outer enclosure, which they and the OS regarded as the fort itself, measures internally about 64m in length and tapers from a maximum of 20m in breadth at the E end to no more than 14m on the W (0.1ha). At the W end, where the RCAHMS investigators believed there was an entrance, the rampart is reduced to a stony scarp drawn in a shallow arc between the crags on the N and S respectively, but at the E end it is much better preserved, following the S margin of the hillock before turning sharply northwards across its spine and dropping down to what is probably an entrance on the E; numerous outer facing stones are visible along its line, in places standing two courses high, and there are also several stones of the inner face, indicating a thickness of about 3m. The course of the rampart beyond the entrance is less certain, and while there is a scatter of loose stones along the N margin of the hillock, there are also traces of a rampart extending along a lower terrace on this flank, though this latter appears to extend eastwards beyond the position of the entrance. The interior is featureless.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -386127  Y:  7589410  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -3.4686357927836546  Latitude:  56.15537949788392  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Perth & Kinross

Historic County:  Kinross-shire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Cleish

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  305.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

In the absence of excavation, there are neither stratified artefacts nor radiocarbon dates to provide a chronology for the defences.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   Stone robbing

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

None

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1854):   Annotated Fort on 1st edition OS 6-inch map (Fife, 1856, sheet 30)
Other (1927):   Description (RCAHMS 1933, 290, no.548)
Earthwork Survey (1952):   Plan and description (RCAHMS KRD 11/1-2 & DP160418-9; Feachem 1963, 128-9)
Other (1974):   Surveyed at 1:10,000 by the OS
Other (1991):   Description by RCAHMS (SH)

Interior Features

Featureless apart from the inner summit enclosure

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
1:   The rampart is only intermittently visible

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (East):   None

Enclosing Works

One rampart intermittently along the margins of the hillock

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.1ha.
Total:   0.1ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✗   This excludes the summit enclosure

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   2
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   0
NW Quadrant:   1
Total:   2

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   None

Number of Ditches:  None

Annex:
✗   None

References

Feachem, R W (1963) A guide to prehistoric Scotland. Batsford: London

RCAHMS. (1933) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments and Constructions of Scotland. Eleventh report with inventory of monuments and constructions in the counties of Fife, Kinross, and Clackmannan. HMSO: Edinburgh



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


Document Version 1.1