Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC3215 The Dod, Dumfriesshire (Beldcraig Linn)

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  Dumfries & Galloway MDG407 (None)

NMR:  NT 10 SW 3 (49733)

SM:  None

NGR:  NT 1136 0085

X:  311360  Y:  600850  (OSGB36)

Summary

This fort occupies the summit of the Dod, from which it commands a magnificent prospect up and down the upper reaches of Annandale. Roughly circular on plan, it measures about 72m in diameter (0.4ha) within a single rampart with an external ditch. For most of the circuit the rampart forms a stony bank some 6m thick by 0.6m high internally, and drops externally up to 1.5m into the bottom of a ditch 4.8m broad, but on the steeper N flank, where the ground falls away sharply to the Beldcraig Linn, both rampart and ditch are considerably reduced in scale. There is well-defined entrance on the E, but the aerial photographs taken by RCAHMS also indicate an entrance on the opposite side of the fort on the W. Traces of worn hollows are visible in both entrances, and on the aerial photographs taken under snow a hollowed trackway can be traced over 150m down to the banks of the burn. This is an unusual feature in a prehistoric fort and may be no more than a later route traversing the fort to avoid the deep cleft followed by the burn at the foot of The Dod's NW flank. Apart from the traces of rig and furrow cultivation, the interior is otherwise featureless.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -378205  Y:  7419094  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -3.397475586753713  Latitude:  55.29378579393702  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Dumfries & Galloway

Historic County:  Dumfriesshire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Wamphray

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  234.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

In the absence of excavation, there are neither stratified artefacts nor radiocarbon dates to provide a chronology for the defences.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   Ploughed down by post-medieval rig and later pasture improvement

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

RCAHMS Aerial Survey Programme photographed the fort in 1989 and 1996, the latter under snow

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1857):   Annotated Fort on the 1st edition OS 25-inch map (Dumfries 1861, sheet 24.4)
Other (1890):   Description by David Christison (1891, 245)
Other (1912):   Description by Alexander Curle (RCAHMS 1920, 210-11, no.621)
Other (1963):   Visited by the OS
Other (1990):   Description by RCAHMS

Interior Features

Covered with rig and otherwise featureless

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
2:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (East):   Evidence of wear
1. Hollow Way (East):   Unclear whether this is a later trackway traversing the site through both entrances
2. Simple Gap (West):   Evidence of wear
2. Hollow Way (West):   None

Enclosing Works

Single rampart and ditch

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.4ha.
Total:   0.4ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   1
Total:   1

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   None

Number of Ditches:  1

Annex:
✗   None

References

Christison, D (1891) 'A general view of the forts, camps, and motes of Dumfriesshire, with a detailed description of those in Upper Annandale, and an introduction to the study of Scottish motes', Proc Soc Antiq Scot 25 (1890-91), 198-256

RCAHMS (1920) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments and Constructions of Scotland. Seventh report with inventory of monuments and constructions in the county of Dumfries. HMSO: Edinburgh

RCAHMS (1997) Eastern Dumfriesshire: an archaeological landscape. HMSO: Edinburgh



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


Document Version 1.1