Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC3371 Edgerston, Roxburghshire (The Camps)

HER:  Scottish Borders 56917 (None)

NMR:  NT 61 SE 2 (56917)

SM:  None

NGR:  NT 6798 1245

X:  367980  Y:  612450  (OSGB36)

Summary

This fort is situated on the crest of a spur above the Jed Water S of Camptown. The configuration of the defences and an overlying late and Roman Iron Age settlement is complex, and confused by subsequent cultivation and a campaign of excavations conducted between 1928-39, so much so that the RCAHMS investigators who drew up a plan in 1938 and 1939 described it as an 'incoherent assemblage of fragmentary structures' (RCAHMS 1956, 225-8, no.457). Nevertheless, at its core is probably a D-shaped enclosure, its interior possibly measuring as much as 97m along the chord formed by the lip of the escarpment dropping down to the Jed Water on the W by 75m transversely (0.65ha) within two ramparts with external ditches up to 4.5m in breadth by between 1.7m and 2.4m in depth; the entrance is on the E. A shallow quarry ditch was found immediately to the rear of the inner rampart around the SE quarter, though in the equivalent position on the N it was V-shaped and 1.8m deep, and on the S a fourth ditch, some 2m deep, was located within the interior. While the RCAHMS investigators suggested the latter was concentric to the outer ditches and therefore part of a single defensive scheme, the scarp of the bank that lies immediately inside it is evidently not concentric on the SW; much more likely this belongs to a separate phase of occupation, though whether earlier or a later insertion into the interior is not clear. What is clear is that this inner enclosure is overlain by a later wall about 2.5m in thickness and still standing 1.3m in height, which appears to form a sub-rectangular enclosure occupying the N two thirds of the interior of the fort, with evidence of a smaller rectilinear enclosure and four stone-founded round-houses lying within it, at least one of which post-dated the smaller enclosure. As recorded by the RCAHMS investigators, and evidently held more widely (Childe 1946, 13-14), the construction of the walls of these enclosures was unusual, the outer incorporating two rows of upright timbers set in individual post-holes, the inner row flush with the inner face of the wall, and the outer set behind the outer wall-face; the wall of the inner enclosure was apparently constructed likewise, though in this case the posts incorporated into the inner face were set in a continuous foundation trench; the walls of the stone-founded round-houses were also thought to incorporate posts set in a continuous ring-groove beneath the core. While not impossible, excavations carried out elsewhere, particularly on rectilinear settlements in Northumberland by George Jobey, would suggest that most of these timber elements were free-standing structures that had been replaced by the walls. Finds from the excavations include a terret, three dress-fasteners, several spiral finger-rings, a penannular brooch, part of a dragonesque brooch and the rim of a vessel, all in bronze, a glass melon bead and fragments of armlets, part of a shale armlet, a denarius of Trajan, four sherds of Samian ware (Robertson 1970, Table 1), sherds of coarse pottery, one saddle quern, fragments of three beehive querns, two crucibles and several spindle whorls and hammerstones; the majority of these finds probably relate to the overlying settlement rather than the fort (Proc Soc Antiq Scot 105, 1972-4, 319, no.17). More recently a small Iron Age copper alloy mount was found on the slope below the fort on the W (Hunter 2000).

Status

Citizen Science:  ✗

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -279101  Y:  7440862  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -2.507206659957734  Latitude:  55.40496458623442  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Scottish Borders

Historic County:  Roxburghshire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Jedburgh

Monument Condition

None

Condition:

Extant	✓
Cropmark	✗
Likely Destroyed	✗

Land Use

Scattered trees

Current Use:

Woodland	✓
Commercial Forestry Plantation	✗
Parkland	✗
Pasture (Grazing)	✓
Arable	✗
Scrub/Bracken	✗
Bare Outcrop	✗
Heather/Moorland	✗
Heath	✗
Built-up	✗
Coastal Grassland	✗
Other	✗

Landscape

Boundary

N/A

Interior Features

Largely occupied by a late Iron Age/Roman Iron Age settlement enclosure and at least four stone-founded round-houses, two of which probably overlie timber predecessors.

Entrances

Enclosing Works

Two ramparts with ditches forming a D-shaped enclosure, within which there is evidence of at least two other periods of enclosure, the later a rectilinear settlement with a robust perimeter wall.

Enclosed Area:

Area 1:	0.65ha.
Total:	0.65ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:

✓	The rectilinear settlement clearly overlies the inner enclosure and by implication the rest of the fort.

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:

✗	The perimeter of the fort is incomplete on the W

Number of Ramparts:  

NE Quadrant:	2
SE Quadrant:	3
SW Quadrant:	3
NW Quadrant:	1
Total:	3

References

Document Version 1.1