Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC3546 Mitchelhill Rings, Peeblesshire

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  Scottish Borders 48711 (None)

NMR:  NT 03 SE 14 (48711)

SM:  3161

NGR:  NT 0628 3417

X:  306280  Y:  634170  (OSGB36)

Summary

This fort lies on the E spur of White Hill, where it turns eastwards to descend gradually down towards the old steading of Mitchelhill. Roughly circular on plan, it measures about 50m in diameter (0.22ha) within the innermost of up to three ramparts, though most of the interior is occupied by a later enclosure measuring 36m in diameter within a low band of rubble. Reduced to a low bank around the greater part of the circuit, and elsewhere to a scarp, the innermost rampart of the defences rises no more than 0.3m above the surface of the interior, but externally it stands over 3m above the bottom of its accompanying ditch. In some places a counterscarp rampart bank can be traced along the outer lip of the ditch, and there is a strong impression from the plan drawn up by RCAHMS investigators in 1957 that these inner defences have been inserted into the interior of a larger enclosure, now represented by the outermost rampart and its ditch. The latter line picks up on the W side of the entrance on the SE and extends concentrically round the W flank only to diverge on a wider arc on the NW and return to meet the counterscarp rampart of the inner defences on the N. The sequence cannot be demonstrated stratigraphically without excavation, but if correct the outer enclosure would have taken in an area of about 0.35ha. Apart from the settlement enclosure, the interior is featureless.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -388357  Y:  7477648  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -3.4886746708283214  Latitude:  55.59214706806562  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Scottish Borders

Historic County:  Peeblesshire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Broughton, Glenholm And Kilbucho

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  340.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

In the absence of excavation, there are neither stratified artefacts nor radiocarbon dates to provide a chronology for the defences.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   Interior occupied by what is considered by the RCAHMS investigators in 1957 to be a later settlement.

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

Photographed by the RCAHMS Aerial Survey Programme in 1980, 1981, 1991 and 2010

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1856):   Annotated Fort on the 1st edition OS 25-inch map (Peebles 1859, sheet 15.6)
Other (1864):   Listed by William Chambers (1864, 30)
Earthwork Survey (1886):   Sketch-plan and description by David Christison (1887, 59-60, fig 45)
Earthwork Survey (1957):   Plan and description (RCAHMS 1967, 133-4, no.305, fig 120; RCAHMS PBD 128/1-2)
Other (1964):   Visited by the OS
Other (1972):   Scheduled
Other (1972):   Resurveyed at 1:2500 by the OS
Other (2002):   Re-Scheduled

Interior Features

Largely occupied by a stone-walled enclosure an otherwise featureless

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
1:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (South east):   Through all lines of enclosure

Enclosing Works

Up to four lines of ramparts, including the inner settlement enclosure, but probably representing several periods of construction

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.22ha.
Area 2:   0.35ha.
Total:   0.35ha.

Total Footprint Area:  0.62ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✓   The 'seam' in the outer defences on the N, and the divergence of the outermost rampart on the NW suggest that the inner fort has been inserted into an earlier enclosure, but this cannot be demonstrated without excavation.

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   The inner settlement enclosure has been omitted from this analysis

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   2
SE Quadrant:   3
SW Quadrant:   3
NW Quadrant:   2
Total:   3

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

Grass-grown rubble

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   None

Number of Ditches:  2

Annex:
✗   None

References

Chambers, W (1864) A History of Peeblessire. William and Robert Chambers: Edinburgh and London

Christison, D (1887) 'The prehistoric forts of Peeblesshire'. Proc Soc Antiq Scot 21 (1886-7), 13-82

RCAHMS (1967) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland. Peeblesshire: an inventory of the ancient monuments, 2v. HMSO: Edinburgh



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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