Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC3688 Craigton Hill, West Lothian (Craigton Fort; Craigton Quarry)

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  The West of Scotland Archaeology Service 18088 (None)

NMR:  NT 07 NE 8 (49174)

SM:  None

NGR:  NT 0761 7691

X:  307610  Y:  676910  (OSGB36)

Summary

Nothing remains of this fort, which had been largely destroyed by the Craigton Quarry before RCAHMS investigators visited in 1926. By that time no more than a spread fragment of a rampart survived on the NE, one of at least two that are depicted on earlier editions of the OS 25-inch map (Linlithgow 1856, sheet 6.2; 1895, sheet 6.2). Roughly oval on plan, the earlier of these maps gives the impression that the two ramparts formed an almost continuous circuit, though the accompanying commentary in the Name Book suggests that the steep N flank, which had already been subjected to some quarrying, had been left undefended (Linlthgowshire, No.5, p 20). A possible third rampart is shown between the inner and outer at the SE end, extending W from what was probably an entrance on the ESE; a gap in the outer rampart possibly marks the position of a second entrance on the W. The interior measured about 85m from NW to SE by up to 55m transversely (0.35ha). In the course of its destruction the upper stone of a rotary quern and two shallow stone basins were recovered (RCAHMS 1929, 187, no.283).

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -387624  Y:  7553699  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -3.4820828952572125  Latitude:  55.976300731093126  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  West Lothian

Historic County:  West Lothian

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Abercorn

Monument Condition

Destroyed by quarrying

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

Quarried wasteland

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  108.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

Discovery of a rotary quern in the quarry need not relate to any defensive phase and there is now no recoverable evidence to provide a chronology for the defences.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   Planted with trees in the early 19th century and subsequently quarried to destruction

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

None

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1854):   Annotated Fort on the 1st edition OS 25-inch map (Linlithgow 1856, sheet 6.2; Name Book, Linlthgowshire, No.5, p 20)
Other (1926):   Visited (RCAHMS 1929, 187, no.283)
Other (1974):   Visit by the OS confirms total destruction

Interior Features

Featureless

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
2:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (South east):   None
2. Simple Gap (West):   Possibly no more than a gap in the depiction of the slope, but apparently the route of a path shown on the 1st edition OS 25-inch map

Enclosing Works

At least two ramparts round most of the circuit, and a possible third in one sector

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.35ha.
Total:   0.35ha.

Total Footprint Area:  0.83ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   Measurements taken from the OS 2nd edition 25-inch map (1895)

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✗   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   2
SE Quadrant:   3
SW Quadrant:   2
NW Quadrant:   0
Total:   3

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

All destroyed, but described in the Name Book as 'of earth, in which are embedded some large rough stones'

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   None

Number of Ditches:  None

Annex:
✗   None

References

Name Book, Ordnance Survey Object Name Books (6 inch and 1/2500 scale); available https://www.scotlandsplaces.gov.uk/

RCAHMS (1929) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments and Constructions of Scotland. Tenth report with Inventory of Monuments and Constructions in the Counties of Midlothian and West Lothian. HMSO: Edinburgh



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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