Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC3787 Redhouse Dean, East Lothian (Spittal)

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  East Lothian Council MEL462 (None)

NMR:  NT 47 NE 27 (54885)

SM:  4082

NGR:  NT 4670 7636

X:  346700  Y:  676362  (OSGB36)

Summary

Cropmarks have revealed a fort on the gently sloping ground above the natural escarpment forming the E flank of Redhouse Dean. D-shaped on plan, its defences comprise an arc of three or four ditches between 4m and 8m in breadth backing onto the escarpment on the W to enclose an area measuring about 115m from N to S along the chord by up to 55m transversely (0.48ha); allowing for the presence of an inner rampart the interior extends to about 0.36ha. Rather than being strictly concentric, however, ditch two lies eccentrically between the innermost ditch, ditch one, and the outer pair, suggesting that the palimpsest revealed by the cropmarks is the result of a complex sequence of construction. In detail, the outer pair, ditches three and four, are concentric and presumably contemporary, but around the the NE there is little evidence of any gap for a rampart between the inner of them and ditch two, so much so that in places they form one broad mark some 13m in breadth. On the SE, however, ditch two diverges, and though its precise line is obscured by the field boundary, its projected course sees it converging, and possibly merging with the innermost ditch. The cropmarks on the photographs currently available are too diffuse in the critical sectors to clarify these relationships, but if they are confirmed by fieldwork they suggest a sequence of at least three phases, represented respectively by the innermost ditch, ditch two, and the outer pair. The precise layout of the defences around a probable entrance on the NE is also unclear and there are no features can be discerned amongst the marks within the interior.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -317893  Y:  7553901  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -2.8556787695907224  Latitude:  55.977316236102205  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  East Lothian

Historic County:  East Lothian

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Aberlady

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  55.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

In the absence of excavation, there are neither stratified artefacts nor radiocarbon dates to provide a chronology for the defences.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   Ploughed flat

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

Photographed by CUCAP in 1960, 1969 and 1975, John Dewar (held by RCAHMS) in 1975, and RCAHMS Aerial Survey Programme in 1979, 1990, 1994 and 1995

Investigations:
1st Identified Written Reference (1960):   First photographed by CUCAP
Other (1978):   Scheduled

Interior Features

Featureless

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
1:   Whole perimeter ploughed down

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (North east):   Apparent gap, though the cropmarks are too diffuse to be certain that it pirces all four ditches

Enclosing Works

Four ditches forming a D-shaped enclosure backing onto an escarpment

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.36ha.
Total:   0.36ha.

Total Footprint Area:  1.3ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✓   Probable sequence can be detected but requires confirmation by fieldwork

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✗   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   4
SE Quadrant:   4
SW Quadrant:   0
NW Quadrant:   0
Total:   4

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   None

Number of Ditches:  4

Annex:
✗   None

References

No related records



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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