Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC4115 Siccar Point, Berwickshire

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  Scottish Borders 59962 (None)

NMR:  NT 87 SW 9 (59962)

SM:  None

NGR:  NT 8111 7088

X:  381110  Y:  670880  (OSGB36)

Summary

The high promontory that terminates at its seaward end in Siccar Point is reported to be the site of a promontory fort (Kinghorn 1935, 157-8), though little trace of the rampart recorded crossing the neck on the SSW remains visible, and in 1979 RCAHMS investigators considered that the bank along the western margin was more likely to be a field enclosure of relatively recent date, a view not shared by OS surveyors in 1954 and 1965, nor by a subsequent Coastal Assessment Survey by GUARD in 1996 (James 2003, 121). As reported by Robert Kinghorn, the rampart on the SSW was under cultivation and had been reduced to a broad earthen mound, which outside the dike on the NW turned along the edge of the promontory for a distance of 90m, where it stood up to 1.3m high; no trace of a ditch has been observed accompanying this rampart, but a gap at the E margin of the promontory provides a possible entrance. As defined, the interior measures about 150m along the crest of the promontory by a maximum of 80m transversely (0.6ha) at the landward end, extending in a gentle arc north-eastwards to terminate in a point at the seaward end. While doubts have been expressed about the authenticity of the defences, there can be no doubt that this promontory has been used, and along the leading edge of a terrace on the N flank of the interior and on the slope below Kinghorn found midden deposits some 0.6m deep. Finds from the midden included: a sherd of coarse pottery; an Iron Age blue glass bead; a piece of iron slag; periwinkle and limpet shells, and cattle and sheep bones, some of which had been split.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Unconfirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Unconfirmed

Location

X:  -256469  Y:  7544623  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -2.3039026703443977  Latitude:  55.93065544085688  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Scottish Borders

Historic County:  Berwickshire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Cockburnspath

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  76.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

The context of the blue glass bead found here is unknown, other than being probably derived from midden deposits, and the date of any defences is unknown.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   Ploughed down

Evidence:
Artefactual:   Iron Age blue glass bead

Investigation History

None

Investigations:
Earthwork Survey (1933):   Plan and description by Robert Kinghorn (1935, 157-8, fig 1)
Other (1954):   Visited by the OS
Other (1965):   Surveyed at 1:2500 by the OS
Other (1979):   Visited by RCAHMS
Other (1996):   Coastal Assessment Survey for Historic Scotland by GUARD (James 2003, 121)

Interior Features

Featureless

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

Finds from midden included: a sherd of coarse pottery; a blue glass bead of Iron Age date (NMAS FJ 126); a piece of iron slag; periwinkle and limpet shells, and cattle and sheep bones, some of which had been split

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
1:   Now ploughed down

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (South):   A gap between the terminal of the putative rampart and the E margin of the promontory

Enclosing Works

Possibly a single rampart across the neck of the promontory

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.6ha.
Total:   0.6ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✗   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   0
SE Quadrant:   0
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   1
Total:   1

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   None recorded

Number of Ditches:  None

Annex:
✗   None

References

James, H F (2003) 'Assessment survey: the Firth of Forth (Dunbar to the border of Fife)'. In Dawson, T, Coastal archaeology and erosion in Scotland. Edinburgh.

Kinghorn, R (1935) 'Unrecorded Berwickshire antiquities, being the Chalmers-Jervise Prize essay for 1933'. Proc Soc Antiq Scot 69 (1934-5), 157-67



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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