Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC4231 Craighead Law, Ayrshire (Lea Hill; Law Hill)

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

Scroll left/right to view further images.

HER:  The West of Scotland Archaeology Service 7613 (None)

NMR:  NS 45 SW 7 (43058)

SM:  None

NGR:  NS 4274 5209

X:  242747  Y:  652094  (OSGB36)

Summary

Traces of an enclosure can be seen on the summit of Craighead Law, a hillock bounded on the NE and NW by low crags and steep slopes. Elsewhere there are traces of at least one bank drawn in an arc along the shoulder of the hillock across the gentler approaches from the E and SE to peter out on the SW. The hilltop has evidently been cultivated and the bank is largely reduced to a low scarp, but on the SW a second scarp can be seen overlapping the line of the first a little further down the slope. While it is possible that these are the result of later enclosures associated with the cultivation of the hilltop, the RCAHMS investigators who visited in 1952 also speculated that they were possibly the last remains of a fort with twin ramparts; this possibility is strengthened by the satellite imagery taken in 2005, which clearly shows that the cultivation rigs on the hilltop override both scarps. If it is indeed a fort, it is D-shaped on plan, measuring about 100m along the chord formed by the crags on the NW by 60m transversely (0.46ha). No entrance is visible and the only feature visible within the interior is a mound on the summit, which the RCAHMS investigators thought was possibly a cairn measuring about 5m in diameter by 0.6m in height, but the OS surveyor who visited in 1982 could find no evidence of any antiquity on the hill and probably considered it to be natural.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Unconfirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Unconfirmed

Location

X:  -501629  Y:  7506173  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -4.506206659995898  Latitude:  55.736674216131696  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  East Ayrshire

Historic County:  Ayrshire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Dunlop

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  209.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

Excavation is required to demonstrate the character an date of the remains

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   The mound on the summit is possibly a cairn
Post Hillfort:   Ploughed down with rigs

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

None

Investigations:
1st Identified Written Reference (1895):   Noted by John Smith (1895, 84)
Other (1952):   Description for RCAHMS Survey of Marginal Lands
Other (1982):   Visited by the OS

Interior Features

Mound, but otherwise cultivated with rigs and featureless

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

Mound

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

None known

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
0:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None known

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:No related records

Enclosing Works

Possibly two ramparts

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.46ha.
Total:   0.46ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✗   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   0
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   2
NW Quadrant:   0
Total:   2

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   None

Number of Ditches:  None

Annex:
✗   None

References

Smith, J (1895) Prehistoric Man in Ayrshire. Elliot Stock: London



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


Document Version 1.1