Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC4259 Fair Isle, Burrista, Shetland

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  Shetland Amenity Trust 1357 (None)

NMR:  HZ 27 SW 11 (3774)

SM:  None

NGR:  HZ 2018 7272

X:  420186  Y:  1072721  (OSGB36)

Summary

Burrista is a spectacular promontory on the W coast of Fair Isle, where a visitor reported to the OS that he had uncovered traces of a wall barring access across a razor-backed neck that links it to the adjoining cliffs across a natural sea arch at the SE end. A subsequent visit by the OS suggested that the wall was no more than natural outcrop, but while John Hunter could find no evidence of defences across the neck, he recorded traces of at least three structures on the irregular summit area, which on satellite imagery appears to measure about 40m from NE to SW by 30m transversely (0.09ha), though the promontory itself extends another 200m into the sea on the NW, with an accessible area of 0.65ha. The remote and precipitous character of the promontory led Hunter to speculate that it was possibly a monastic site, and that erosion may have removed any trace of an enclosing work at the SE end (1996, 93).

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Unconfirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Unconfirmed

Location

X:  -183095  Y:  8298035  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -1.6447739249905162  Latitude:  59.54003038922758  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Shetland Islands

Historic County:  Shetland

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Dunrossness

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  95.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

While faint traces of occupation have been noted on this promontory there are no stratified artefacts or radiocarbon dates to indicate its date

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

None

Investigations:
Other (1968):   Visit by the OS with information from an unidentified visitor to the island
Excavation (1968):   'Excavation' by a visitor
Other (1985):   Visited by John Hunter (1996, 93)

Interior Features

At least three structures and two mounds (Hunter 1996, 239, site 357)

Water Source

None

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

At least one sub-rectangular and another sub-circular

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

Visible on satellite imagery

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

Nothing visible

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
0:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   Access can only have been from the SE

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:No related records

Enclosing Works

None known

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.65ha.
Total:   0.65ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✗   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   0
SE Quadrant:   0
SW Quadrant:   0
NW Quadrant:   0
Total:   0

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   None

Number of Ditches:  None

Annex:
✗   None

References

Hunter, J R (1996) Fair Isle: The Archaeology of an Island Community. National Trust for Scotland. HMSO: Edinburgh



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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