Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

EN0039 Abdon Burf, Shropshire

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

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HER:  Shropshire 182 (None)

NMR:  SO 58 NE 1 (111174)

SM:  None

NGR:  SO 595866

X:  359505  Y:  286605  (OSGB36)

Summary

Site now destroyed by quarry and mining, but on the OS 1st Ed map (1885-1900). Formerly located on one of the three summits of the Clees (Abdon, Brown and Titterstone) that dominate SE Shropshire. High, steep and prominent Abdon Burf overlooked the valleys of the River Corve to the W and the River Rea/Rea Brooks to the E. Small excavations by C.H. Hartshorne 1840 and rescue excavation in advance of quarrying by G.R. Harding-Webster 1929-30. Former found rampart 19.8m wide at base, 2.4m wide at top and 3.6m high above interior, with large number (44) of stone circles, now identified as possible bell-pits. Latter excavation found entrance (on E?) to be inturned with outworks, possibly remodelled on more than one occasion, with single ditch defence and a possible hut circle at E entrance. Features examined in the interior probably remnants of coal working, but with no dating evidence. Coal and ironstone working from late 19th century destroyed the site and now just moor and heath.

Status

Citizen Science:  ✗

Reliability of Data:  Irreconciled issues

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -289169  Y:  6886624  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -2.5976512032111403  Latitude:  52.47583426019821  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  England

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Shropshire

Historic County:  Shropshire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Abdon

Monument Condition

Destroyed by quarrying and mining.

Condition:
Extant   ✗
Cropmark   ✗
Likely Destroyed   ✓

Land Use

Destroyed by quarrying and mining. Now moorland and heath vegetation. SSSI.

Current Use:
Woodland   ✗
Commercial Forestry Plantation   ✗
Parkland   ✗
Pasture (Grazing)   ✗
Arable   ✗
Scrub/Bracken   ✗
Bare Outcrop   ✗
Heather/Moorland   ✓
Heath   ✓
Built-up   ✗
Coastal Grassland   ✗
Other   ✓

Landscape

Hillfort Type

Fort destroyed by quarrying and mining. Formerly the site probably followed the contours. Formerly on one of the three summits of the Clees (Abdon, Brown and Titterstone) that dominate SE Shropshire. High, steep and prominent Abdon Burf overlooked the valleys of the River Corve to the W and the River Rea/Rea Brooks to the E.

Type:
Contour Fort   ✓
Partial Contour Fort   ✗
Promontory Fort   ✗
Hillslope Fort   ✗
Level Terrain Fort   ✗
Marsh Fort   ✗
Multiple Enclosure Fort   ✗

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop   ✓
Coastal Promontory   ✗
Inland Promontory   ✗
Valley Bottom   ✗
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop   ✗
Ridge   ✗
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp   ✗
Hillslope   ✗
Lowland   ✗
Spur   ✗

Dominant Topographic Feature:  The prominent Abdon Burf hill.

Aspect:
North   ✗
Northeast   ✗
East   ✗
Southeast   ✗
South   ✗
Southwest   ✗
West   ✗
Northwest   ✗
Level   ✓

Altitude:  530.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

Probably an Iron Age site, but this is conjecture. No dating evidence from excavations.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC   ✗
1200BC - 800BC   ✗
800BC - 400BC   ✗
400BC - AD50   ✗
AD50 - AD400   ✗
AD400 - AD 800   ✗
Post AD800   ✗
Unknown   ✓

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

On 1st Ed. OS map (1885-1900). Small excavations C.H. Hartshorne 1840 and G.R. Harding-Webster 1929-30. Shropshire Council survey of 2012.

Investigations:
Excavation (1840):   C.H. Hartshorne.
Other (2012):   Shropshire Council survey.
1st Identified Map Depiction (None):   OS map.
Excavation (None):   G.R. Harding-Webster.

Interior Features

Interior features possible from excavations probably vestiges of mining activity. No other evidence other than spring on former site. Hillfort destroyed.

Water Source

Spring on former site.

Source:
None   ✗
Spring   ✓
Stream   ✗
Pool   ✗
Flush   ✗
Well   ✗
Other   ✗

Surface

Site destroyed.

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features   ✓
Round Stone Structures   ✗
Rectangular Stone Structures   ✗
Curvilinear Platforms   ✗
Other Roundhouse Evidence   ✗
Pits   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavation

Interior features possible from excavations probably vestiges of mining activity.

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✓
Nothing Found   ✗

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics   ✓
Pits   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds   ✓
Pottery   ✗
Metal   ✗
Metalworking   ✗
Human Bones   ✗
Animal Bones   ✗
Lithics   ✗
Environmental   ✗
Other   ✗

Aerial

None

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked   ✓
None   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Other   ✗

Entrances

All former entrances destroyed, but excavation 1929-30 found entrance (on E?) to be inturned with outworks, possibly remodelled at more than one occasion,

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
None:   Not defined - destroyed.

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  ✗

Chevaux de Frise:  ✗

Entrances:
1. In-turned (East):   Defined as former possible site on E? before destruction.
1. Outworks (East):   Possible outworks.

Enclosing Works

All destroyed, but single ditch confirmed and probably stone-walled site.

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   7.6ha.
Total:   7.6ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✓   Site destroyed and area estimated. Entrance possibly remodelled on more than one occasion suggests phasing and possibly univallate in prehistory.

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✗   Site destroyed, but possibly univallate in prehistory.

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   0
SE Quadrant:   0
SW Quadrant:   0
NW Quadrant:   0
Total:   0

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗
Unknown   ✓

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✓
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗

Surface Evidence

No present evidence, site destroyed, but probably stone-walled site.

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✓
Rubble   ✗
Wall-walk   ✗
Evidence of Timber   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavated Evidence

Single ditch confirmed. Possibly stone-walled site.

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✓
Murus Duplex   ✗
Timber-framed   ✗
Timber-laced   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
No Known Excavation   ✗
Other   ✓

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   None. Site destroyed, but former single ditch confirmed by excavation.

Number of Ditches:  1

Annex:
✗   None

References

Dorling, P. and Wigley, A. 2012: Assessment of the archaeological and conservation status of major later prehistoric enclosures in Herefordshire and Shropshire, EH PNUM, Version 3.2, Hereford and Shrewsbury: Herefordshire Council/Shropshire Council.

Hannaford, H.R. and Ward, P.A. 2014. Shropshire Mineral Resources Assessment for Shropshire and Telford and Wrekin, Unpublished SCAS rep. 357, 38.

Harding-Webster, G.R. 1929-30. Abdon Burf Camp. Trans Shropshire Archaeol Soc, 45, 85-96.

Hartshorne, C.H. 1841. Salopia Antiqua, 3-21.

Page, W. ed. 1908. Victoria County History of Shropshire, 1, 359, Institute of Historical Research.

Rowley, T. 2001. The Welsh Border, 200, 202, Stroud: Tempus.



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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