Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

EN0050 Caer Caradoc, Church Stretton, Shropshire

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  Shropshire 226 (None)

NMR:  SO 49 NE 11 (106751)

SM:  1021067

NGR:  SO 477952

X:  347728  Y:  295280  (OSGB36)

Summary

Fine and prominent craggy hillfort on steep ridge of Caer Caradoc Hill. Commanding site. Precipitous slopes, apart from at the NE and SW sides. Measures c. 380m long NE-SW and 70m across falling 30m from N to S, with internal area 2.6ha. Strategically site to command the pass through the Church Stretton valley. Main inner scarped rampart (formerly a stone wall?) follows the crest of the slopes and uses natural rock on SE. 25m from this is an outer additional bank for most of the circuit constructed from an internal quarry ditch. Third bank on shallower S side. Inner rampart 12m wide and up to 1.7 min height. The outer rampart is 10m below around the N part of the site, 10m wide and 0.5m high and with an internal ditch 0.5m deep. The ditch reappears at the SW end with the third rampart to the SW. Fine inturned entrance on the E side with an engineered terraceway running obliquely down the hillside and probably forming the access route to the site, as it does today. Recessed guard chamber on S side. Small terraces and building platforms visible in the SE. Interior divisions may mark zoning in the interior. Good example of a hillfort commanding a pass through the hillls. Few investigations for such a major site. Heath and rough upland grazing. Undated. On 1st Ed OS map (1885-1900).

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -308622  Y:  6900705  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -2.7723959676848424  Latitude:  52.5528133192448  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  England

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Shropshire

Historic County:  Shropshire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Church Stretton

Monument Condition

Popular site for recreation with path erosion on N and S ramparts and deep erosion scar below rock outcrops N of the entrance, but generally on good condition.

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

Hill top heath and rough grazing with bare rocky outcrops. SSSI.

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

High, prominent and craggy partial contour fort, some 380m long, and falling 30m from N to S and located on the steep ridge of Caer Caradoc Hill.

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  Steep craggy hill.

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  459.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

None

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

Drawn by Elias Ashmole (1662). On 1st Ed OS map (1885-1900). Field observation Ordnance Survey 1972. Field observation English Heritage 1985. Air Photograph Interpretation RCHME: Marches Uplands NMP 1993-2000. Shropshire Council survey 2012

Investigations:
1st Identified Written Reference (1662):   Drawn by Elias Ashmole.
Other (1968):   Visit by Hillfort Study Group
Other (1972):   Field observation OS.
Other (1985):   Field observation EH.
Other (2009):   Visited by Hillfort Study Group
Other (2012):   Shropshire Council survey.
1st Identified Map Depiction (None):   1st Ed OS map
Other (None):   Air Photograph Interpretation RCHME: Marches Uplands NMP.

Interior Features

Small terraces and building platforms visible in the SE. Interior divisions may mark zoning in the interior.

Water Source

Spring in the NW interior of the site.

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

Small terraces and building platforms visible in the SE. Interior divisions may mark zoning in the interior.

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

None

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

Fine inturned entrance on the E side with an engineered terraceway running for 300m obliquely down the hillside and probably forming the access route to the site, as it does today. Recessed guard chamber on S side.

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
1:   No modern gaps in evidence.

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   One original entrance on the E, with recessed guard chamber on S side. Probable original terraced trackway decends 300m downslope.

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. In-turned (East):   Fine inturned entrance with terraceway down hillside.
1. Oblique (East):   Engineered terraceway runs obliquely down hillside, probably forming access route to site, as it does today.
1. Recesses/Guard Chambers (East):   Recessed guard chamber on S side.

Enclosing Works

Main inner scarped rampart (formerly a stone wall?) follows the crest of the slopes and uses natural rock on the SE. 25 m from this is an outer additional bank for most of the circuit constructed from an internal quarry ditch. Third defensive bank on shallower S side. The inner rampart is 12 m wide and up to 1.7 in height, enclosing an area 375 m by 70 m. The outer rampart is 10 m below around the N part of the site, 10 m wide and o.5 m high and with an internal ditch 0.5 m deep. The ditch reappears at the SW end with the third rampart to the SW.

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   2.6ha.
Total:   2.6ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

Main inner scarped rampart (formerly a stone wall?) follows the crest of the slopes and uses natural rock on the south-east. 25 m from this is an outer additional bank for most of the circuit constructed from an internal quarry ditch. Third defensive bank on shallower southern side. The inner rampart is 12 m wide and up to 1.7 in height, enclosing an area 375 m x 70 m. The outer rampart is 10 m below around the N part of the site, 10 m wide and o.5 m high and with an internal ditch 0.5 m deep. The ditch reappears at the SW end with the tird rampart to the SW.

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   The number of ramparts vary around the circuit.

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   2
SE Quadrant:   3
SW Quadrant:   3
NW Quadrant:   2
Total:   3

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

Main inner scarped rampart formerly a stone wall?

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   Ditches variable throughout circuit.

Number of Ditches:  2

Annex:
✗   None

References

Dorling, P. and Wigley, A. 2012. Assessment of the archaeological and conservation status of major later prehistoric enclosures in Herefordshire and Shropshire, EH PNUM, Version 3.2, Hereford and Shrewsbury: Herefordshire Council/Shropshire Council.

Page, W. ed. 1908. Victoria County History of Shropshire,1, 361, Institute of Historical Research.

Watson, M. 2002. Shropshire an archaeological guide, 24-25 photo, Shrewsbury: Shropshire Books.



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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