Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

EN0098 Ramsbury, Berkshire (Ramsbury Corner)

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  West Berkshire MWB2645 (None)

NMR:  SU 56 NW 3 (237035)

SM:  None

NGR:  SU 52469 69532

X:  452469  Y:  169532  (OSGB36)

Summary

To the SE of the village of Cold Ash a possible univallate earthwork of 2.8ha (measurement approximate), first discovered from aerial photographs in 1948 as a semi-circular cropmark lying in a strong defensive position on a ridge of high ground. The earthworks, which comprise a bank and ditch, survive in woodland in the N and E but elsewhere are now partially destroyed under arable cultivation. The ditch can be seen as a cropmark on open ground. The location of entrances or the presence of interior features is unknown. It was assumed by Cotton (1962) and Hogg (1979) to be a hillfort although it is uncertain if it was ever completed. Excavations in 1949 (Hadcock 1949-50) revealed a ploughed-down bank of probable dump construction with flints and a U-shaped ditch. No dating evidence was recovered for its period of construction and use. The site is recorded on 1931-61 OS mapping

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Unconfirmed

Location

X:  -138792  Y:  6696341  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -1.2467917344119517  Latitude:  51.42232580489809  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  England; None

Current County or Unitary Authority:  West Berkshire

Historic County:  Berkshire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Thatcham; Cold Ash and Bucklebury

Monument Condition

Survives as a bank lying in Ramsbury Wood in the N and E but ploughed out in the S-W and only visible on aerial photographs

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

Plateau gravel and sands

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

A possible former contour fort lying at approximately 149m OD. The northern side survives as two parallel banks in adjacent woodland which follow the contours of a steep slope for several metres (verified by the West Berkshire HER officer in 2011)

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  Lies in a strong defensive position on a ridge of high ground.

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  149.0m

Boundary

Although situated entirely in Thatcham it lies at the junction of three parishes, Thatcham, Cold Ash and Bucklebury

Boundary Type:  Parish/Townland


Dating Evidence

Undated, presumed Iron Age. A medieval drain, formed from a horseshoe-shaped pipe resting on flat tiles, ran across the bottom, post-dating the construction of the enclosure ditch.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

A fragment of ditch in the N-E partially following the 149m contour is recorded on the 1:25,000 1931-61 OS map. Discovered on 1948 aerial photograph. Excavations showed a ploughed-down bank of probable dump construction and a U-shaped dtich (Hadcock 1948-50). No dating evidence was recovered

Investigations:
Other (1948):   Discovered from aerial photograph
Excavation (1949):   No dating evidence recovered
1st Identified Map Depiction (None):   None

Interior Features

Mostly destroyed, no evidence for interior features

Water Source

A number of springs rise in the area

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

Ramparts only excavated

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

None

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

The location of entrances is unknown

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
None:   Unknown

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   Unknown

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:No related records

Enclosing Works

Low banks running for several metres were observed in 2011 by West Berkshire HER Officer on the northern side of the enclosure running along the contours of a steep slope now in woodland. A possible ditch survives in the E. A small excavation showed a ploughed down bank of simple dump construction and a U-shaped ditch. The ditch had an internal step.

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   2.4ha.
Total:   2.4ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

Low banks running for several metres were observed in 2011 by West Berkshire HER Officer on the northern side of the enclosure running along the contours of a steep slope now in woodland. A possible ditch survives in the east. A small excavation showed a ploughed down bank of simple dump construction and a U-shaped ditch. The ditch had an internal step.

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   Enclosed area estimated by Hogg (1979)

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✗   Survive as two parallel banks in N and E. Only the ditch survives as cropmark elsewhere

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   None
SW Quadrant:   None
NW Quadrant:   None
Total:   1

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

Where excavated bank was found to be formed from sandy soils and clay with flints. Possibly unfinished

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   A fragment of ditch in the N-E partially following the 149m contour is recorded on the 1:25,000 1931-61 OS map

Number of Ditches:  1

Annex:
✗   None

References

Hadcock, N. 1948-50. Earthwork at Ramsbury Corner, Bucklebury. Trans Newbury Dist Fld Club .9 24-25 Plan.

Cotton, M. A. 1962. Berkshire Hill Forts. Berkshire Archaeol .J 60: 30-52

Hogg, A.H.A. 1979. British Hill-Forts. An Index. British Archaeological Reports, British Series 62. 211



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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