Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

EN0499 Bewick Hill Moor Camp, Northumberland (Blawearie Fort)

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

Scroll left/right to view further images.

HER:  Northumberland 3607 (None)

NMR:  NU 02 SE 9 (5753)

SM:  1006582

NGR:  NU 0875 2199

X:  408750  Y:  621990  (OSGB36)

Summary

Lying 400m to the SE of Blawearie, overlooking Harehope Burn in the E, a small, multivallate hillfort lying on an artificially levelled natural knoll. At its maximum dimensions the hillfort measures 114m NW-SE by 92m transversely enclosing an area of 0.19ha and comprises two ramparts with a berm between. The substantial inner rampart is flanked in the W by a single eternal ditch 0.6m deep. The bank reaches a maximum height of 1.5m internally and 4.5m externally on its western side. Scarping on the remaining sides gives a maximum height of approximately 10m. The second, narrower outer bank is absent in the N where the ground falls away sharply. An external ditch protects the weaker area in the W and SW. A 7-20m wide berm separates the the inner and outer ramparts in the W and NW creating an additional enclosed area or annex. A single entrance lies in the NW of the outer rampart with slightly out-turned terminals. The bank of the northern terminal is thicker. A corresponding simple gap entrance cuts through the inner enclosure. The interior is bracken covered and no internal features are visible. The site is recorded on 1856-65 OS mapping but no excavation has taken place and is undated but presumed Iron Age.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -207395  Y:  7457879  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -1.863064602811954  Latitude:  55.49166293319947  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  England

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Northumberland

Historic County:  Northumberland

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Bewick

Monument Condition

Good preservation but vulnerable to stock erosion

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

Lying at 187m OD, overlooking Harehope Burn, a multivallate hillfort occpying an artificially levelled knoll above a steep scarp.

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  Artificially levelled knoll

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  187.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

Undated, presumed Iron Age

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:
Morphology/Earthwork/Typology:   None

Investigation History

Shown on 1856-65 OS mapping. General reference in Dodds (1935); Field investigations visits 1955 and 1969. Scheduled

Investigations:
1st Identified Written Reference (1935):   None
Other (1955):   Field investigation
Other (1955):   Field investigation
1st Identified Map Depiction (None):   None
Other (None):   Scheduled

Interior Features

The interior is bracken-covered and the presence of internal features is unknown

Water Source

Harehope Burn to the E

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

Any surviving features are masked by bracken

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

None

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

A single entrance lies in the NW of the outer rampart with slightly out-turned terminals. The bank of the northern terminal is thicker. A corresponding simple gap entrance cuts through the inner enclosure.

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
2:   Single break through each rampart

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (North west):   Inner rampart
2. Out-turned (North west):   Outer rampart

Enclosing Works

Substantial inner rampart flanked in the W by a single eternal ditch 0.6m deep. The bank reaches a maximum height of 1.5m internally and 4.5m externally on its western side. Scarping on the remaining sides gives a maximum height of approximately 10m. The second, narrower outer bank is absent where the ground falls away sharply in the N. An external ditch protects the area in the W and SW where it is naturally weaker. A 7-20m wide berm separates the the inner and outer ramparts in the W and NW creating an additional enclosed area or annex.

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.19ha.
Total:   0.19ha.

Total Footprint Area:  1.04ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   Estimated from satellite imagery

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✗   Discontinuous lengths of bank and ditch

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   2
SW Quadrant:   2
NW Quadrant:   2
Total:   2

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

Unrecorded, but reference to stone in the rampart banks suggests and earth and stone bank

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   None

Number of Ditches:  2

Annex:
✓   Possible annex formed from the berm between the two ramparts in the W and NW

References

Dodds, M.H. 1935. A History of Northumberland, vol.14 (Newcastle upon Tyne), 43, 64, fig.16

Gates, T. and Deegan, A. 2009. Monuments in the Landscape in Passmore, D.G. and Waddington, C. (eds). Managing Archaeological Landscapes in Northumberland. Till-Tweed Studies, Vol 1. Oxbow, 125-71.



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


Document Version 1.1