Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

EN0567 Little Hetha Camp, Northumberland (Little Hetha Hillfort)

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  Northumberland 634 (None)

NMR:  NT 82 NE 70 (891)

SM:  1014483

NGR:  NT 88610 28050

X:  388610  Y:  628050  (OSGB36)

Summary

A small partially multivallate enclosure scheduled as a defended settlement lying 880m to the SE of Hethpool and 570m to the N of Great Hetha (Atlas No. 0470). It lies on the summit of a N-facing spur at 213m OD with the land dropping away steeply except in the S where there is a more gentle slope before the ground rises steeply towards Great Hetha. Oval in plan, the internal dimensions measure approximately 73m NE-SW by 55m transversely, enclosing 0.24ha. It comprises two earth and stone ramparts with revetting boulders, with a berm between. A further rampart lies in the N. Stone has been robbed from the two innermost ramparts and the outer rampart is reduced to an outward facing scarp up to 1.6m high (Topping 1999). The middle rampart measures 2.1-3.0m high and up to 9.5m wide. The NE entrance is 3m wide, marked by a large stone; the entrance in the NW 4m wide and overlapped by the outer rampart which protects it. The innermost rampart is the most disturbed, defined by a shallow platform 4.9m wide and up to 0.4m deep and only the W terminal of the NE entrance surviving. The foundations of a sub-rectangular structure, possibly a guard chamber, is set into the inner rampart to the S of the western entrance. Internally a bank of earth and stones approximately 3.7m wide and 0.4m high curves SE to NW dividing the interior. To the N of this are three 2m wide square scoops set into the northern edge from which linear earthworks extend northwards. To the S of the bank two rectangular buildings 7m by 5m and 2m by 2.5 and a wide shallow scoop 14m N-S by 12m E-W with a possible stone setting are probably the remains of medieval occupation. At least three stone-founded hut circles 2m-8m in diameter have been recorded within the interior. The site has suffered from stone robbing and is badly mutilated and the interior has been considerably disturbed, probably through quarrying. Undated but presumed Iron Age. Recorded on 1856-65 OS mapping. Scheduled.

Status

Citizen Science:  ✗

Reliability of Data:  Unconfirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -242906  Y:  7468574  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -2.1820646857888617  Latitude:  55.54605682097866  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  England

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Northumberland

Historic County:  Northumberland

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Kirknewton

Monument Condition

Disturbed by stone robbing and later settlement. Land under Entry Level plus Higher Level Stewardship

Condition:
Extant   ✓
Cropmark   ✗
Likely Destroyed   ✗

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland   ✗
Commercial Forestry Plantation   ✗
Parkland   ✗
Pasture (Grazing)   ✓
Arable   ✗
Scrub/Bracken   ✓
Bare Outcrop   ✗
Heather/Moorland   ✗
Heath   ✗
Built-up   ✗
Coastal Grassland   ✗
Other   ✗

Landscape

Hillfort Type

A contour fort lying on the level summit of a spur at 213m OD

Type:
Contour Fort   ✓
Partial Contour Fort   ✗
Promontory Fort   ✗
Hillslope Fort   ✗
Level Terrain Fort   ✗
Marsh Fort   ✗
Multiple Enclosure Fort   ✗

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop   ✓
Coastal Promontory   ✗
Inland Promontory   ✗
Valley Bottom   ✗
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop   ✗
Ridge   ✗
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp   ✗
Hillslope   ✗
Lowland   ✗
Spur   ✓

Dominant Topographic Feature:  Summit of a spur

Aspect:
North   ✗
Northeast   ✗
East   ✗
Southeast   ✗
South   ✗
Southwest   ✗
West   ✗
Northwest   ✗
Level   ✓

Altitude:  213.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

Undated, presumed Iron Age

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC   ✗
1200BC - 800BC   ✗
800BC - 400BC   ✗
400BC - AD50   ✗
AD50 - AD400   ✗
AD400 - AD 800   ✗
Post AD800   ✗
Unknown   ✓

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   Probable medieval settlement

Evidence:
Morphology/Earthwork/Typology:   None

Investigation History

Recorded on 1856-65 OS mapping. Reference in MacLauchlan (1919-20). OS field investigations in 1955 and 1967. Included in a Project to record the archaeological sites and landscapes of the College Valley Estates (Topping 1999). Scheduled

Investigations:
Other (1935):   Scheduled
Other (1955):   Field investigation
Other (1967):   Field investigation
Other (2002):   Visited by Hillfort Study Group
1st Identified Map Depiction (None):   None
1st Identified Written Reference (None):   None
Earthwork Survey (None):   None

Interior Features

Internal bank of earth and stones approximately 3.7m wide and 0.4m high divides the interior. To the N of this are three 2m wide square scoops set into the northern edge from which linear earthworks extend northwards. To the S of the bank two rectangular buildings 7m by 5m and 2m by 2.5 and a wide shallow scoop 14m N-S by 12m transversely, with a possible stone setting, are probably the remains of medieval occupation. At least three stone-founded hut circles 2m-8m in diameter have been recorded within the interior.

Water Source

Elsdon Burn lies to the NW and the College Burn to the SE

Source:
None   ✓
Spring   ✗
Stream   ✗
Pool   ✗
Flush   ✗
Well   ✗
Other   ✗

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features   ✗
Round Stone Structures   ✓
Rectangular Stone Structures   ✓
Curvilinear Platforms   ✗
Other Roundhouse Evidence   ✗
Pits   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✓
Other   ✗

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation   ✓
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics   ✓
Pits   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds   ✓
Pottery   ✗
Metal   ✗
Metalworking   ✗
Human Bones   ✗
Animal Bones   ✗
Lithics   ✗
Environmental   ✗
Other   ✗

Aerial

None

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked   ✓
None   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Other   ✗

Entrances

The NE entrance is 3m wide, marked by a large stone; the 4m wide entrance in the NW is overlapped by the outer rampart which protects it. The innermost rampart is the most disturbed and only the W terminal of the NE entrance survives. Foundations of a sub-rectangular structure set into the inner rampart to the S of the NW entrance is possibly a guard chamber.

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
4:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  ✓

Chevaux de Frise:  ✗

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (North east):   Inner rampart
1. Simple Gap (North east):   Outer rampart
2. Recesses/Guard Chambers (North west):   Inner rampart
2. Over-lapping (North west):   Outer rampart

Enclosing Works

A small multivallate enclosure, oval in plan, the internal dimensions measuring approximately 73m NE-SW by 55m transversely, enclosing 0.24ha. It comprises two earth and stone ramparts with revetting boulders and a berm between. A further rampart lies in the N. Stone has been robbed from the two innermost ramparts and the outer rampart is reduced to an outward facing scarp up to 1.6m high (Topping 1999). The innermost rampart is the most disturbed, defined by a shallow platform 4.9m wide and up to 0.4m deep. The middle rampart measures 2.1-3.0m high and up to 9.5m wide.

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.24ha.
Total:   0.24ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   3
SE Quadrant:   2
SW Quadrant:   2
NW Quadrant:   2
Total:   3

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✓
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✓
Multivallate   ✗
Unknown   ✗

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✓
Stone Wall   ✓
Rubble   ✓
Wall-walk   ✗
Evidence of Timber   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✓
Unfinished   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✗
Murus Duplex   ✗
Timber-framed   ✗
Timber-laced   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
No Known Excavation   ✓
Other   ✗

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   None

Number of Ditches:  None

Annex:
✓   Possibly - attached to outer rampart in N although this could be the third rampart

References

Jobey, G.1965. Hillforts and Settlements in Northumberland. Archaeol Aeliana (4th Series) 43

MacLauchlan, H. 1919-22. Notes on camps in the parishes of Branxton, Carham, Ford, Kirknewton and Wooler in Northumberland. Hist Berwickshire Natur Club, 468

Topping, P. 1999. A Survey of Little Hetha Hillfort, Northumberland. Northern Archaeology. 1999, 123-7



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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