Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

EN0571 Sinkside Hill, Northumberland

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  Northumberland 569 (None)

NMR:  NT 82 NE 5 (584)

SM:  1009529

NGR:  NT 8842 2628

X:  388420  Y:  626280  (OSGB36)

Summary

A univallate hillfort lying 2.3km to the SW of Hethpool on the SE summit of Sinkside Hill. The enclosure is almost circular in plan comprising a single stone rampart measuring 72m N-S by 75m E-W enclosing 0.42ha. It lies on a level plateau at 329m OD on the W bank of the College Burn, where it commands extensive views to the N and S along the College Valley. The ground drops away steeply on all sides of the hill except in the SW where it extends towards a narrow saddle and is overlooked by higher ground. Today the ramparts survive mainly as core material 3.5m wide and a spread of tumbled stone. They are best preserved in the E and N where the internal wall stands at 0.9m high with a drystone external facing of large dressed stones which survives up to 5 courses. No evidence of a ditch. In the SE the ramparts have been overlain by medieval or later sheep pens, constructed with stone from the ramparts. A simple gap entrance 3m wide faced with large upright boulders set on edge at right angles to the rampart, lies in the NW. Timber and stone founded prehistoric hut circles with internal banks lie within the interior. The site is surrounded by coniferous woodland with the area around the hillfort left clear. A lack of grazing has led to the grass becoming tussocky, which might hide further internal features. It is scheduled as a defended enclosure. No excavation has taken place and it is undated. The hillfort is recorded on 1856-65 OS mapping. Scheduled as a defended settlement

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -243233  Y:  7465444  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -2.185001206587434  Latitude:  55.530147982133  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  England

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Northumberland

Historic County:  Northumberland

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Kirknewton

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

Tussocky grass

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

A contour fort lying at 329m OD on level ground on the summit of Sinkside Hill.

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  Summit of Sinkside Hill

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  329.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

Undated, presumed Iron Age

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   Medieval or post medieval sheep stell

Evidence:
Morphology/Earthwork/Typology:   None

Investigation History

Recorded on 1856-65 OS mapping, general reference in MacLauchlan (1919-22). Surveyed by Jobey 1965. Field investigation in 1967. English Heritage established two permanent survey markers, marked by brass rivets, using GPS survey as part of the Discovering our Hillfort Heritage Project. Scheduled

Investigations:
Earthwork Survey (1965):   G. Jobey
Other (1967):   Field investigation
Other (1969):   Scheduled
1st Identified Map Depiction (None):   None
1st Identified Written Reference (None):   None
Other (None):   Established survey markers

Interior Features

Timber and stone founded prehistoric hut circles with internal banks

Water Source

College burn lies to the E

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

None

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

In the NW, a simple gap entrance 3m wide faced with large upright boulders set on edge at right angles to the rampart.

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
1:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (North west):   None

Enclosing Works

Almost circular in plan comprising a single stone rampart measuring 72m N-S by 75m E-W enclosing 0.42ha. Today the ramparts survive mainly as core material 3.5m wide and a spread of tumbled stone. They are best preserved in the E and N where the the internal wall stands at 0.9m high with a drystone external facing of large dressed stones of up to 5 courses. No evidence of a ditch.

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.42ha.
Total:   0.42ha.

Total Footprint Area:  0.5ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   Measured from satellite imagery

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   Rebuilt in the area of the sheep stell

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   1
Total:   1

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   None

Number of Ditches:  None

Annex:
✗   None

References

Hogg, A.H.A.1979. British Hill-Forts. An Index. British Archaeological Reports, British Series 62. 120

Jobey, G.1965. Hillforts and Settlements in Northumberland. Archaeol Aeliana (4th Series) 43

MacLauchlan, H. 1919-22. Notes on camps in the parishes of Branxton, Carham, Ford, Kirknewton and Wooler in Northumberland. Hist Berwickshire Natur Club , 468-69



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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