Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

EN0587 Colwell Hill Camp, Northumberland (Camp Hill)

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  Northumberland 9740 (None)

NMR:  NY 99 SW 11 (19700)

SM:  1007526

NGR:  NY 9072 9383

X:  390720  Y:  593830  (OSGB36)

Summary

Lying 330m SW of Colwellhill at 261m OD, a multivallate hillfort on the summit of Camp Hill approximately 940m to the SE of Fawden Hill (Atlas No 0588). The hillfort is circular in plan measuring 83m in diameter and comprises three earth and stone banks and two medial ditches, enclosing 0.6ha. A further ditch lies internally which has probably resulted from scarping the inner rampart. The location offers extensive views in all directions, with steep slopes in all but the E. The inner bank measures 3-7m wide and 1m high, the middle bank 4-8m wide and 1m high and the outer bank 4m wide and averaging 2m high. The ditches measure 4-6m wide and 0.1-1m deep. Entrances lie in the NE and SW, 3m wide, with the one in the SW staggered and the inner rampart extending in the N to further defend the entrance. Four shallow scoops most probably represent the site of timber houses. The site is shown on 1856-65 OS mapping. No excavation has taken place and the site is undated. It survives in good condition. The site is scheduled as a defended settlement.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -239056  Y:  7408314  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -2.1474755184062118  Latitude:  55.238610287184514  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  England

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Northumberland

Historic County:  Northumberland

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Otterburn

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

Some gorse on the ramparts

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

A contour fort lying at 261m OD on level ground on the summit of Camp Hill.

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  Summit of Camp Hill

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  261.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

Undated, presumed Iron Age

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:
Morphology/Earthwork/Typology:   None

Investigation History

Reference in Hardy (1879), shown on 1856-65 OS mapping. It underwent field investigations in 1957 and 1970. Scheduled as a defended settlement

Investigations:
1st Identified Written Reference (1879):   None
Other (1957):   Field investigation
Other (1962):   Scheduled
Other (1970):   Field investigation
1st Identified Map Depiction (None):   None

Interior Features

Four shallow scoops most probably represent the site of timber houses.

Water Source

Girsonfield Burn lies to the N and W

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

Shallow scoops

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

None

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

Entrances lie in the NE and SW, 3m wide, with the one in the SW slightly staggered with an additional length of bank extending in the N to further defend the entrance

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
6:   Number of later breaks around the circuit

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (North east):   Inner rampart
1. Simple Gap (North east):   Middle rampart
1. Simple Gap (North east):   Outer rampart
2. Oblique (South west):   Inner rampart.
2. Oblique (South west):   Middle rampart
2. Oblique (South west):   Outer rampart

Enclosing Works

Circular in plan measuring 83m in diameter and comprising three earth and stone banks and two medial ditches. A further ditch lies internally which has probably resulted from scarping the inner rampart. The inner bank measures 3-7m wide and 1m high, the middle bank 4-8m wide and 1m high and the outer bank 4m wide and averaging 2m high. The ditches measure 4-6m wide and 0.1-1m deep.

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.6ha.
Total:   0.6ha.

Total Footprint Area:  1.4ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   Areas estimated from satellite imagery

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   3
SE Quadrant:   3
SW Quadrant:   3
NW Quadrant:   3
Total:   3

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   None

Number of Ditches:  3

Annex:
✗   None

References

Hardy, J.1879-81. Hist Berwickshire Natur Club, 9, 461-2.

Hogg, A.H.A.1979. British Hill-Forts. An Index. British Archaeological Reports, British Series 62. 141



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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