Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

EN3485 Cranmore Castle, Tiverton, Devon

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  Devon MDV1360 (None)

NMR:  SS 91 SE 8 (36443)

SM:  1020156

NGR:  SS95901175

X:  295838  Y:  111783  (OSGB36)

Summary

Large partial contour hillfort saddling a prominent WSW-facing ridge above confluence of Rivers Exe and Lowman to W and valley of another tributary of the Exe to S. Steep or very steep surrounding slopes, on all sides apart from moderate along spur to ENE. Split up into six fields with hedge boundaries. Site very extensive enclosing the hill for 10ha, but rampartss now slight in places, massive in others, with ramparts on all sides but no apparent ditch, possibly because ramparts seem to augment the steep topography. To N rampart to 3m high externally above steep natural scarp and within field boundary. To W rampart to only 1.2m high, although c. 10m wide. At SW apex rampart massive, again within field boundary and above very steep to precipitous slope and continues as to 3.2m bank externally and 11m wide along S side. To SE and E, although rampart to 2.5m high and 25m wide in places, buildings of Castle Barn and Cranmore Cottage have cut into the earthwork. Several steep slopes in interior. Original W entrance with 7m wide gap. Small and inconclusive excavation 1930. Chance finds of Bronze Age blade and Iron Age and Saxon coins on slopes below hillfort. Improved pasture, with field boundaries and scattered trees, and with trees on N and SW boundaries. Most of rampart ploughed-out or field bank. Interior cut into by two small quarries. On 1st Ed. OS map (1890). Undated.

Status

Citizen Science:  ✗

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -387674  Y:  6602926  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -3.482536419609863  Latitude:  50.896043314251216  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  England

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Devon

Historic County:  Devon

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Tiverton

Monument Condition

Most of rampart ploughed-out or field bank. Split up into six fields. Interior cut into by two small quarries. To SE and E, although rampart to 2.5m high and 25m wide in places, buildings of Castle Barn and Cranmore Cottage have cut into the earthwork.

Condition:
Extant   ✓
Cropmark   ✗
Likely Destroyed   ✗

Land Use

Improved pasture, with field boundaries and scattered trees, and with trees on N and SW boundaries. Buildings on SE and E sides. Interior cut into by two small quarries.

Current Use:
Woodland   ✗
Commercial Forestry Plantation   ✗
Parkland   ✗
Pasture (Grazing)   ✓
Arable   ✗
Scrub/Bracken   ✗
Bare Outcrop   ✗
Heather/Moorland   ✗
Heath   ✗
Built-up   ✓
Coastal Grassland   ✗
Other   ✓

Landscape

Hillfort Type

Large partial contour hillfort saddling a prominent WSW-facing spur above confluence of Rivers Exe and Lowman to W and valley of another tributary of the Exe to S. Steep or very steep surrounding slopes on all sides apart from moderate along spur to ENE.

Type:
Contour Fort   ✗
Partial Contour Fort   ✓
Promontory Fort   ✗
Hillslope Fort   ✗
Level Terrain Fort   ✗
Marsh Fort   ✗
Multiple Enclosure Fort   ✗

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop   ✗
Coastal Promontory   ✗
Inland Promontory   ✗
Valley Bottom   ✗
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop   ✗
Ridge   ✓
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp   ✗
Hillslope   ✗
Lowland   ✗
Spur   ✗

Dominant Topographic Feature:  Ridge

Aspect:
North   ✗
Northeast   ✗
East   ✗
Southeast   ✗
South   ✗
Southwest   ✗
West   ✓
Northwest   ✗
Level   ✗

Altitude:  155.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

None.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC   ✗
1200BC - 800BC   ✗
800BC - 400BC   ✗
400BC - AD50   ✗
AD50 - AD400   ✗
AD400 - AD 800   ✗
Post AD800   ✗
Unknown   ✓

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   1549 engagement when insurgents defeated by the King's troop.

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

On 1st Ed. OS map (1890). Small and inconclusive excavation 1930 - no details. MPP Fieldwork H.K. Gerrard, 1999.

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1890):   OS map.
Excavation (1930):   Small and inconclusive excavation - no details.
Other (1999):   MPP Fieldwork H.K. Gerrard.

Interior Features

Chance finds of Bronze Age blade and Iron Age and Saxon coins on slopes below hillfort.

Water Source

None

Source:
None   ✓
Spring   ✗
Stream   ✗
Pool   ✗
Flush   ✗
Well   ✗
Other   ✗

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features   ✓
Round Stone Structures   ✗
Rectangular Stone Structures   ✗
Curvilinear Platforms   ✗
Other Roundhouse Evidence   ✗
Pits   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavation

No details.

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✓
Nothing Found   ✗

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics   ✓
Pits   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Finds

Chance finds of Bronze Age blade and Iron Age and Saxon coins on slopes below hillfort.

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds   ✓
Pottery   ✗
Metal   ✗
Metalworking   ✗
Human Bones   ✗
Animal Bones   ✗
Lithics   ✗
Environmental   ✗
Other   ✗

Aerial

None

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked   ✓
None   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Other   ✗

Entrances

Original W entrance with 7m wide gap. Modern gap with track on S.

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
2:   Modern gap with track on S side.

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  ✗

Chevaux de Frise:  ✗

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (West):   None

Enclosing Works

Defences now slight in places, massive in others, with ramparts on all sides but no apparent ditch, possibly because defences seem to augment the steep topography. To N rampart to 3m high externally above steep natural scarp and within field boundary. To W rampart to only 1.2m high, although c. 10m wide. At SW apex rampart massive, again within field boundary and above very steep to precipitous slope and continues as to 3.2m bank externally and 11m wide along S side. To SE and E, although rampart to 2.5m high and 25m wide in places, buildings of Castle Barn and Cranmore Cottage have cut into the earthwork.

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   10.0ha.
Total:   10.0ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   1
Total:   1

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✓
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗
Unknown   ✗

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✓
Stone Wall   ✗
Rubble   ✗
Wall-walk   ✗
Evidence of Timber   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavated Evidence

No details.

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✗
Murus Duplex   ✗
Timber-framed   ✗
Timber-laced   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
No Known Excavation   ✗
Other   ✓

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   No apparent ditch.

Number of Ditches:  0

Annex:
✗   None

References

Wall, J.C. 1906. Ancient Earthworks, In W. Page (ed), The Victoria County History of the County of Devon, Vol I, London: James Street, Haymarket, 600-01.



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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