Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

EN3504 Beara Castle, Devon (Stoke Castle)

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  Devon MDV1970 (None)

NMR:  SS 63 NW 4 (34566)

SM:  1002533

NGR:  SS64953565

X:  264951  Y:  135677  (OSGB36)

Summary

Univallate contour hillfort located on crest of high ridge above headwaters of River Bray to NE. Moderate to strong, then steep, slopes to N and S, moderate to level E, W. Near circular shape, with internal area 0.88ha. Bisected by road running ENE-WSW. Defined by strong bank and weak outer ditch, part ploughed and faint, around circuit. Modern field bank and constructed on, and damaged, rampart on part of site. No entrance visible, but possibly where road cuts through site on E and W sides, with some evidence one on E. Pipe trench c. 1m wide cut from W to E 1962 (no reference). Near inner face of E rampart stone revetting, possibly site of gate, exposed. In W some evidence suggesting rampart c. 0.7wide with a ditch of similar width and intermediate berm of just over 1m. On 1st Ed. OS map (1889). Undated.

Status

Citizen Science:  ✗

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -437530  Y:  6639779  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -3.9303971270630167  Latitude:  51.10438536422541  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  England

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Devon

Historic County:  Devon

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Stoke Rivers

Monument Condition

Bisected by road ENE-WSW. Affected by modern field bank and hedge. Ploughed. On Heritage at Risk Register (2015).

Condition:
Extant   ✓
Cropmark   ✗
Likely Destroyed   ✓

Land Use

Improved pasture. Road.

Current Use:
Woodland   ✗
Commercial Forestry Plantation   ✗
Parkland   ✗
Pasture (Grazing)   ✓
Arable   ✗
Scrub/Bracken   ✗
Bare Outcrop   ✗
Heather/Moorland   ✗
Heath   ✗
Built-up   ✗
Coastal Grassland   ✗
Other   ✓

Landscape

Hillfort Type

Univallate contour hillfort located on crest of high ridge above headwaters of River Bray to NE. Moderate to strong, then steep, slopes to N and S, moderate to level E, W.

Type:
Contour Fort   ✓
Partial Contour Fort   ✗
Promontory Fort   ✗
Hillslope Fort   ✗
Level Terrain Fort   ✗
Marsh Fort   ✗
Multiple Enclosure Fort   ✗

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop   ✗
Coastal Promontory   ✗
Inland Promontory   ✗
Valley Bottom   ✗
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop   ✗
Ridge   ✓
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp   ✗
Hillslope   ✗
Lowland   ✗
Spur   ✗

Dominant Topographic Feature:  Ridge

Aspect:
North   ✗
Northeast   ✗
East   ✗
Southeast   ✗
South   ✗
Southwest   ✗
West   ✗
Northwest   ✗
Level   ✓

Altitude:  265.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

None

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC   ✗
1200BC - 800BC   ✗
800BC - 400BC   ✗
400BC - AD50   ✗
AD50 - AD400   ✗
AD400 - AD 800   ✗
Post AD800   ✗
Unknown   ✓

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

On 1st Ed. OS map (1889). Excavation C. Whybrow 1962 (no details).

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1889):   OS map.
Excavation (1962):   C. Whybrow.

Interior Features

None.

Water Source

None

Source:
None   ✓
Spring   ✗
Stream   ✗
Pool   ✗
Flush   ✗
Well   ✗
Other   ✗

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features   ✓
Round Stone Structures   ✗
Rectangular Stone Structures   ✗
Curvilinear Platforms   ✗
Other Roundhouse Evidence   ✗
Pits   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✓

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics   ✓
Pits   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds   ✓
Pottery   ✗
Metal   ✗
Metalworking   ✗
Human Bones   ✗
Animal Bones   ✗
Lithics   ✗
Environmental   ✗
Other   ✗

Aerial

None

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked   ✓
None   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Other   ✗

Entrances

Modern road bisects site ENE-WSW. No entrance visible, but possibly where road cuts through site on E and W sides. Pipe trench c. 1m cut from W to E 1962. Near inner face of E rampart stone revetting, possibly site of gate, exposed.

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
2:   Modern road bisects site ENE-WSW.

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  ✗

Chevaux de Frise:  ✗

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (East):   Conjecture as result of pipe trench detail.

Enclosing Works

Defined by strong bank and weak outer ditch, part ploughed and faint, around circuit. Modern field bank and constructed on, and damaged, rampart on part of site. No entrance visible, but possibly where road cuts through site on E and W sides, with some evidence one on E. Pipe trench c. 1m cut from W to E 1962. Near inner face of E rampart stone revetting, possibly site of gate, exposed. In W some evidence suggesting rampart c. 0.7wide with a ditch of similar width and intermediate berm of just over 1m.

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.88ha.
Total:   0.88ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   1
Total:   1

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✓
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗
Unknown   ✗

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✓
Stone Wall   ✗
Rubble   ✗
Wall-walk   ✗
Evidence of Timber   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✓
Stone Wall   ✓
Murus Duplex   ✗
Timber-framed   ✗
Timber-laced   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✓
Unfinished   ✗
No Known Excavation   ✗
Other   ✓

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   Weak outer ditch.

Number of Ditches:  1

Annex:
✗   None

References

Grinsell, L.V. 1970. The archaeology of Exmoor : Bideford Bay to Bridgwater, 82.

Wall, J.C. 1906. Ancient Earthworks, In W. Page (ed), The Victoria County History of the County of Devon, Vol I, London: James Street, Haymarket, 611.



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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