Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

EN3605 Rowlsbury Camp, Dorset (Rawlsbury Rings; Rawlsbury)

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  Dorset MDO4766 (None)

NMR:  ST 70 NE 12 (201750)

SM:  1003207

NGR:  ST76800580

X:  376748  Y:  105813  (OSGB36)

Summary

Commanding bivallate partial contour hillfort sited high on end of prominent spur extending NW from chalk escarpment of Bulbarrow Hill, nr. Stoke Wake, W of Blandford. Blackmoor Vale to N and upper Piddle valley to S. Very steep slopes from N to SE, steep on SW, less on NW. Narrow ridge leads to hillfort from E. Roughly pear-shaped in plan enclosing c. 4.5ha in total. Defined by two banks, each with ditch, and separated by berm. Possible at least two phases of construction, with slight univallate enclosure of 1.8ha later added to by outer bank and ditch. Inner rampart to 1.5m high above interior and 5.7m above ditch. Inner ditch to 9m wide in places. Outer rampart to 1.2m high internally and 6m high above ditch. Outer ditch, where best, to 7m wide and 1.2m deep. To S faint traces of slight counterscarp bank. Single E entrance facing up the spur, with elaborate out-turn and possible barbican or outwork apparently added to the outer rampart and now badly damaged by tracks and digging. Cross-dyke, c. 152 E of fort possibly related to it. In S half of interior slight depressions may be sign of occupation, but no details. Iron Age sherds chance finds from army manoeuvres 1951. Crossed by hedge, pasture interior, scrub and few trees on banks. Parts of site generally well-preserved despite disturbance by trackways and N side cut by road and woodland. On 1st Ed. OS map (1888). Minimal investigations, undated.

Status

Citizen Science:  ✓

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -259564  Y:  6595032  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -2.3317008284023166  Latitude:  50.851299712183646  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  England; None

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Dorset

Historic County:  Dorset

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Hilton; Stoke Wake

Monument Condition

Parts generally well-preserved despite disturbance by trackways and N side cut by road and impinged woodland. Crossed by hedge which marks parish boundary.

Condition:
Extant   ✓
Cropmark   ✗
Likely Destroyed   ✗

Land Use

Pasture interior, scrub and few trees on banks. N side impinged by wood. Cut by road.

Current Use:
Woodland   ✓
Commercial Forestry Plantation   ✗
Parkland   ✗
Pasture (Grazing)   ✓
Arable   ✗
Scrub/Bracken   ✓
Bare Outcrop   ✗
Heather/Moorland   ✗
Heath   ✗
Built-up   ✗
Coastal Grassland   ✗
Other   ✓

Landscape

Hillfort Type

Multivallate partial contour hillfort sited high on summit of prominent spur extending NW from chalk escarpment of Bulbarrow Hill. Blackmoor Vale to N and upper Piddle valley to S. Narrow ridge leads to hillfort from E. Very steep N to SE, steep on SW, less on NW. Ridge rises a little to E.

Type:
Contour Fort   ✗
Partial Contour Fort   ✓
Promontory Fort   ✗
Hillslope Fort   ✗
Level Terrain Fort   ✗
Marsh Fort   ✗
Multiple Enclosure Fort   ✗

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop   ✗
Coastal Promontory   ✗
Inland Promontory   ✗
Valley Bottom   ✗
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop   ✗
Ridge   ✗
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp   ✗
Hillslope   ✗
Lowland   ✗
Spur   ✓

Dominant Topographic Feature:  Spur

Aspect:
North   ✗
Northeast   ✗
East   ✓
Southeast   ✗
South   ✗
Southwest   ✗
West   ✗
Northwest   ✗
Level   ✗

Altitude:  274.0m

Boundary

Hedgeline follows parish boundary with Stoke Wake in N half and Hilton in greater S.

Boundary Type:  Parish/Townland


Dating Evidence

Chance finds of early and late Iron Age sherds. Extensive later prehistoric field system on Bulbarrow.

Reliability:  C - Low

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC   ✗
1200BC - 800BC   ✗
800BC - 400BC   ✓
400BC - AD50   ✓
AD50 - AD400   ✗
AD400 - AD 800   ✗
Post AD800   ✗
Unknown   ✗

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:
Artefactual:   Chance early and late Iron Age sherds.

Investigation History

On 1st Ed. OS map (1888). Visits by Hillfort Study Group 1966, 2016.

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1888):   OS map.
Other (1966):   Visit by the Hillfort Study Group
Other (2016):   Visit by the Hillfort Study Group

Interior Features

In S half of interior slight depressions may be sign of occupation, but no details. Iron Age pottery, Roman coins and pottery.

Water Source

None

Source:
None   ✓
Spring   ✗
Stream   ✗
Pool   ✗
Flush   ✗
Well   ✗
Other   ✗

Surface

In S half of interior slight depressions may be sign of occupation, but no details.

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features   ✗
Round Stone Structures   ✗
Rectangular Stone Structures   ✗
Curvilinear Platforms   ✓
Other Roundhouse Evidence   ✗
Pits   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation   ✓
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics   ✓
Pits   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Finds

Chance finds of Iron Age pottery from army manoeuvres trenches 1951, Roman coins and pottery.

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds   ✗
Pottery   ✓
Metal   ✗
Metalworking   ✗
Human Bones   ✗
Animal Bones   ✗
Lithics   ✓
Environmental   ✗
Other   ✗

Aerial

None

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked   ✓
None   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Other   ✗

Entrances

Fine, single E entrance facing up the spur, with elaborate out-turn and possible barbican or outwork apparently added to the outer rampart and now badly damaged by tracks and digging.

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
1:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  ✗

Chevaux de Frise:  ✗

Entrances:
1. Outworks (East):   With possible barbican or outwork formed by the outer rampart.
1. Barbican (East):   Possible barbican.
1. Out-turned (East):   Elaborate out-turn.

Enclosing Works

Inner rampart to 1.5m high above interior and 5.7m above ditch. Inner ditch to 9m wide in places. Outer rampart to 1.2m high internally and 6m high above ditch. Outer ditch, where best, to 7m wide and 1.2m deep. To S faint traces of slight counterscarp bank.

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   1.6ha.
Total:   1.6ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✓   At least two phases of construction, probably univallate originally.

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   2
SE Quadrant:   2
SW Quadrant:   2
NW Quadrant:   2
Total:   2

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✓
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗
Unknown   ✗

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✓
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗

Surface Evidence

Medial ditch with berm. To S faint traces of slight counterscarp bank.

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✓
Stone Wall   ✗
Rubble   ✗
Wall-walk   ✗
Evidence of Timber   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✓
Berm   ✓
Unfinished   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✗
Murus Duplex   ✗
Timber-framed   ✗
Timber-laced   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
No Known Excavation   ✓
Other   ✗

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   Ditches variable in depth throughout circuit with silting and damage in places.

Number of Ditches:  2

Annex:
✗   None

References

Gale, J. 2003. Prehistoric Dorset, Stroud: Tempus Publishing.

Hutchins, Rev. J. 1868. The history and antiquities of the County of Dorset, 4, 3rd Edn, Westminster, 356-57.

RCHME 1970. An inventory of historical monuments in the County of Dorset, Vol 3, Central Dorset, 258-59, London: RCHME.

Warne, C. 1872. Ancient Dorset. The Celtic, Roman, Saxon and Danish Antiquities of the County, Bournemouth: For the author, 94-5.



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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